Cobalt recovery process

Abstract

A process for producing purified cobalt from a mixture comprising metallic species of cobalt and metallic species of at least one of the group consisting of nickel and iron, comprising producing a metal carbonyl mixture of cobalt carbonyl and at least one of nickel carbonyl and iron carbonyl from the metallic species mixture; separating the nickel carbonyl and/or iron carbonyl from the cobalt carbonyl; treating the cobalt carbonyl with an effective amount of a complexing gaseous mixture of nitric oxide/carbon monoxide to produce cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl; and decomposing the purified cobalt nitrosyl carbonyl to provide purified cobalt and regenerated complexing gaseous mixture for recycle. The process provides cobalt of improved quality in an optionally, continuous and closed-loop manner. Preferred processes include either aqueous and/or gaseous process steps.

1 . A process for producing purified cobalt from a mixture comprising metallic species of cobalt and metallic species of at least one of the group consisting of nickel and iron; said process comprising 
 producing a metal carbonyl mixture of cobalt carbonyl and at least one of said nickel carbonyl and iron carbonyl from said metallic species mixture;    separating said nickel carbonyl and said iron carbonyl from said cobalt carbonyl to provide a resultant nickel carbonyl- and iron carbonyl-free mixture;    treating said resultant mixture with an effective amount of a complexing gaseous mixture of nitric oxide/carbon monoxide to produce cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl;    decomposing said cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl to provide said purified cobalt and regenerated complexing gaseous mixture; and    removing said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture.    
     
     
         2 . A process for producing purified cobalt from a mixture comprising metallic species of cobalt and metallic species of at least one of the group consisting of nickel and iron; said process comprising 
 (i) reacting said metallic species with carbon monoxide to form a carbonyl mixture comprising cobalt carbonyl and nickel carbonyl and/or iron carbonyl, provided that when said metallic species comprises non-elemental metal species, said mixture is, optionally, first treated with a reducing agent to reduce said non-elemental metal species to said elemental metal;    (ii) removing said nickel carbonyl and said iron carbonyl by distillation from said carbonyl mixture to provide a nickel- and iron-depleted impure cobalt carbonyl mixture;    (iii) treating said impure cobalt carbonyl mixture with an effective amount of a complexing gaseous mixture of nitric oxide/carbon monoxide to produce cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl;    (iv) decomposing said purified complex cobalt carbonyl to provide said purified cobalt and regenerated complexing gaseous mixture; and    (v) removing said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture.    
     
     
         3 . A process as defined in  claim 2  further comprising decomposing said nickel carbonyl and said iron carbonyl from step (ii) to provide regenerated carbon monoxide and recycling said carbon monoxide, in whole or in part to step (i).  
     
     
         4 . A process as defined in  claim 2  further comprising recycling said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture from step (vi) to step (iii).  
     
     
         5 . A closed loop process as defined in  claim 3  further comprising recycling said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture from step (vi) to step (iii).  
     
     
         6 . A process as defined in  claim 2  comprising treating said non-elemental metal species with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         7 . A process for producing purified cobalt from a mixture comprising metallic species of cobalt and metallic species of at least one of the group consisting of nickel and iron; said process comprising 
 (i) treating said mixture in aqueous alkaline medium with hydrogen sulfide to effect reduction of metal species to soluble metallic species;    (ii) subsequently treating said medium with carbon monoxide to produce cobalt carbonyl in admixture with nickel carbonyl and/or iron carbonyl in aqueous slurry;    (iii) removing said nickel carbonyl, if any, by volatilization from said solution; to provide a nickel carbonyl depleted-solution but replace slurry with solution;    (iv) treating said solution with an effective amount of a complexing gaseous nitric oxide/carbon monoxide mixture to produce cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl;    (v) isolating said cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl by distillation to provide purified cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl;    (vi) decomposing said purified cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl to provide said purified cobalt and regenerated complexing gaseous mixture; and    (vii) removing said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture.    
     
     
         8 . A process as defined in  claim 1  further comprising continuously self-monitoring, under the control of computer algorithmic microprocessor means, by measuring, controlling and adjusting process parameters selected from the group consisting of temperature, pressure, gaseous input flow rates, gaseous output flow rates and power supply.  
     
     
         9 . Apparatus for producing purified cobalt from a mixture comprising metallic species of cobalt and metallic species of at least one of the group consisting of nickel and iron, said apparatus comprising 
 (i) means for producing a metal carbonyl mixture of cobalt carbonyl and at least one of said nickel carbonyl and iron carbonyl from said metallic species mixture;    (ii) vaporization means for separating said nickel carbonyl and said iron carbonyl from said cobalt carbonyl to provide a resultant nickel carbonyl-and iron carbonyl- free mixture;    (iii) means for treating said resultant mixture with an effective amount of a complexing gaseous mixture of nitric oxide/carbon monoxide to produce cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl;    (iv) means for decomposing said cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl to provide said purified cobalt and regenerated complexing gaseous mixture;    (v) means for recycling said regenerated complexing gaseous mixture to said means (iii) and    (vi) continuously self-monitoring computer algorithmic microprocessor means for measuring, controlling and adjusting process parameters selected from the group consisting of temperature, pressure, gaseous input flow rates, gaseous output flow rates, metal carbonyl, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and cobalt nitrosyl tricarbonyl concentrations in gaseous state and power supply.