Diesel fuel and lubricating oil antifoams and methods of use

Abstract

The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MD x D′ y D″ z M, where M is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 3 , D is a OSi(CH 3 ) 2 , D′ is OSi(CH 3 )R, D″ is OSi(CH 3 )R′, R is a polyhydric C 6 -C 28 organic group, R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80 , x+y+z is between 10 - 200 , x/z is ≧ 1 , and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5 , or formula M′D a M′ where M′ is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 2 R, a is between 4 - 10 , and R and D are the same as defined above.

What I claim is:  
     
         1 . An organomodified polysiloxane suitable for use as a defoaming agent or crude oil demulsifying agent, comprising a polymer of the formula MD x D′ y D″ z M, 
 where M is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 3 ,  
 D is OSi(CH 3 ) 2    
 D′ is OSi(CH 3 )R, and R is a polyhydric C 6 -C 28  organic group which is completely saturated,  
 D″ is OSi(CH 3 )R′, where R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers,  
 z is between 0 and 80,  
 x+y+z is between 10-200,  
 x/z≧1,  
 and x/(y+z) is between about 2.0 and about 10.0,  
 or formula M′D a M′,  
 where M′ is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 2 R, and R is a polyhydric C 6 -C 28  organic group which has a molecular weight between about 134 and about 644 and which is completely saturated except for terminal unsaturation,  
 D is a OSi (CH 3 ) 2 ,  
 and a is between 4-10,  
 or mixtures of formula MD x D′ y D″ z M and formula M′D a M′.  
 
     
     
         2 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, ethoxylated pentaerythritol allyl ether formal, propoxylated pentaerythritol allyl ether, tri-isopropanolamine allyl ether, allylpropanediol 1,3, alkoxylated allyl sorbitol, alkoxylated pentaerythiol, alkoxylated trimethylpropane, or non-alkoxylated trimethylpropane.  
     
     
         3 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 2  wherein R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether.  
     
     
         4 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein R′ is a long chain aliphatic group having between 10 and 20 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         5 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein x+y+z is in the range of 20 to 160.  
     
     
         6 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein x/(y+z) is in the range of about 3.0 to 6.0.  
     
     
         7 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein a is in the range of 5 to 8.  
     
     
         8 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein x is 100, y is 24 and R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether.  
     
     
         9 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  wherein R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether and a is 7.  
     
     
         10 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising diesel fuel, wherein the polymer of the formula MD x D′ y D″ z M is present at about 1 to about 5 ppm.  
     
     
         11 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising diesel fuel, wherein the polymer of the formula M′D a M′ is present at about 4 ppm.  
     
     
         12 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising lubricating oil, wherein the polymer is present at less than about 100 ppm.  
     
     
         13 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising lubricating oil, wherein the polymer is present at less than about 50 ppm.  
     
     
         14 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising crude oil, wherein the polymer is present at about 10 ppm.  
     
     
         15 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising crude oil, wherein the polymer is present at about 5 ppm.  
     
     
         16 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising solvent.  
     
     
         17 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 15 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of dipropyleneglycol, toluene, 2-ethyl hexanol, isopropanol, aliphatic ester alcohols, isophorone, xylene, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         18 . The organomodified polysiloxane according to  claim 1  additionally comprising DAP.  
     
     
         19 . An organomodified polysiloxane comprising a polymer of the formula 
 MD x D′ y D″ z M,    where M is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 3 ,    D is OSi(CH 3 ) 2 ,    D′ is OSi(CH 3 )R, and R is derived from alkoxylated allyl sorbitol, alkoxylated pentaerythiol, alkoxylated trimethylpropane, or non-alkoxylated trimethylpropane,    D″ is OSi(CH 3 )R′, where R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers,    z is between 0 and 80,    x+y+z is between 10-200,    x/z ≧1,    and x/(y+z) is between about 2.0 and about 10.0, or formula M′D a M′    where M′ is O 0.5 Si(CH 3 ) 2 R, and R is selected from the group comprising alkoxylated allyl sorbitol, alkoxylated pentaerythiol, alkoxylated trimethylpropane, and non-alkoxylated trimethylpropane,    D is a oSi (CH 3 ) 2      and a is between 4-10,    or mixtures of formula MD x D′ y D″ z M and formula M′D a M′.    
     
     
         20 . A method of reducing foaming of diesel fuel or lubricating oil comprising adding to diesel fuel or lubricating oil a sufficient amount of the organomodified polysiloxane of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         21 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein x is 100, y is 24 and R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether.  
     
     
         22 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether and a is 7.  
     
     
         23 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane comprising the polymer of the formula MD x D′ y D″ z M is present in diesel fuel in an amount of about 1 to about 5 ppm.  
     
     
         24 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane comprising the polymer of the formula M′D a M′ is present in diesel fuel in an amount of about 4 ppm.  
     
     
         25 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane is present in lubricating oil in an amount of less than about 100 ppm.  
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 20  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane is present in lubricating oil in an amount between about 20 ppm and about 50 ppm.  
     
     
         27 . A method of demulsifying crude oil comprising adding to crude oil a sufficient amount of the organomodified polysiloxane of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 27  wherein x is 100, y is 24 and R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether.  
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 27  wherein R is derived from trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether and a is 7.  
     
     
         30 . The method according to  claim 27  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane is present in crude oil in an amount of about 10 ppm.  
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 27  wherein the organomodified polysiloxane is present in crude oil in an amount of about 5 ppm.  
     
     
         32 . The method according to  claim 20  or  claim 26 , which further comprises addition of solvent.  
     
     
         33 . The method according to  claim 32 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of dipropyleneglycol, toluene, 2-ethyl hexanol, isopropanol, aliphatic ester alcohols, isophorone, xylene, and mixtures thereof.