Aqueous polymer dispersion, its preparation and use

Abstract

The present invention relates to aqueous dispersions preparable by polymerization of an olefinically unsaturated, water-insoluble compound in the presence of a water-soluble allyl or vinyl ether of the formula 1 in which b is 0 or 1 n is 0 or 1 k is an integer from 1 to 20, X is O or N[(A—O) m —R] A is C 2 -C 4 -alkylene m is an integer from 5 to 900, and R is H or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, and in which A is not exclusively C 3 - or C 4 -alkylene, by mixing the olefinically unsaturated water-insoluble compound with the water-soluble allyl and vinyl ether in water, and triggering the polymerization by a free-radical initiator.

1 . An aqueous dispersion preparable by polymerization of an olefinically unsaturated, water-insoluble compound in the presence of a water-soluble allyl or vinyl ether of the formula 1  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which 
 b is 0 or 1  
 n is 0 or 1  
 k is an integer from 1 to 20,  
 X is O or N[(A—O) m —R] 
 A is C 2 -C 4 -alkylene  
 m is an integer from 5 to 900, and  
 R is H or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl,  
 and in which A is not exclusively C 3 - or C 4 -alkylene, by mixing the olefinically unsaturated water-insoluble compound with the water-soluble allyl or vinyl ether in water, and triggering the polymerization by a free-radical initiator.  
 
     
     
         2 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which k is a number from 4 to 8.  
     
     
         3 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which X is oxygen.  
     
     
         4 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which R is hydrogen.  
     
     
         5 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which A is ethylene or propylene.  
     
     
         6 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which —(A—O) m - is an alkylene oxide block polymer of the formula 
       —(CH 2 —CH(CH 3 )—O) a —(CH 2 —CH 2 —O) b —(CH 2 —CH(CH 3 )—O) c — 
       in which 
 a is a number from 0 to 300, preferably 1 to 80, in particular 2 to 35  
 b is a number from 5 to 300, preferably 8 to 80, in particular 10 to 45  
 c is a number from 0 to 300, preferably 1 to 80, in particular 8 to 35.  
 
     
     
         7 . The aqueous dispersion as claimed in  claim 1 , in which —(A—O) m - is an ethoxy chain having from 8 to 240 ethoxy units.  
     
     
         8 . A process for the preparation of compounds according to formula 1 by anion/alkali initiated polymerization of hydroxy- or amino-functional allyl or vinyl ethers of the formula 3  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which Y is OH or NH 2 , with C 1 -C 4 -alkylene oxide or mixtures of such alkylene oxides, and optionally subsequent Williamson etherification of the terminal OH group with a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical.  
     
     
         9 . A compound of the formula 2  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         in which  
         n is 0 or 1  
         b is 0 or 1  
         k is an integer from 1 to 20  
         A is C 2 -C 4 -alkylene  
         m is an integer from 5 to 900, and  
         R is H or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.  
       
     
     
         10 . A compound of the formula (1)  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which 
 b is or  
 n is 0 or 1  
 k is an integer from 1 to 20,  
 X is O  
 A is C 2 -C 4 -alkylene  
 m is an integer from 5 to 900, and  
 R is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.  
 
     
     
         11 . The use of compounds according to formula 1 for the preparation of copolymers containing further olefinically unsaturated compounds.  
     
     
         12 . The use of compounds according to formula 1 as additive for emulsion stabilization in emulsion or suspension polymerizations.  
     
     
         13 . The use of compounds according to  claim 1  as dispersants.