Fuel composition for two-cycle engines

Abstract

A fuel composition for two-cycle engines comprising a major amount of fuel boiling in the gasoline range and a minor amount of a lubricant composition comprising a base oil of lubricating viscosity and an additive formulation comprising (1) a molybdenum/sulfur complex of a basic nitrogen compound, (2) a carboxylic acid amide, and (3) a succinimide.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A fuel composition for two-cycle engines comprising a major amount of fuel boiling in the gasoline range and a minor amount of a lubricant composition comprising: 
 (A) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, and    (B) a minor amount of an additive formulation comprising: 
 (1) a sulfurized molybdenum-containing composition prepared by (i) reacting an acidic molybdenum compound and a basic nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of a succinimide, a carboxylic acid amide, a hydrocarbyl monoamine, a hydrocarbyl polyamine, a Mannich base, a phosphoramide, a thiophosphoramide, a phosphonamide, a dispersant viscosity index improver, or a mixture thereof, in the presence of a polar promoter, to form a molybdenum complex wherein from 0.01 to 2 atoms of molybdenum are present per basic nitrogen atom, and the promoter is present in the ratio of 0.01 to 50 moles of polar promoter per mole of molybdenum; and (ii) reacting the molybdenum complex with a sulfur-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide about 1.5 to 4.0 atoms of sulfur per atom of molybdenum, to thereby form a sulfur- and molybdenum-containing composition,  
 (2) a carboxylic acid amide, and  
 (3) a succinimide.  
   
     
     
         2 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sulfur source for component (1) is sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus pentasulfide, R 2 S x  where R is hydrocarbyl, and x is at least 2, inorganic sulfides or inorganic polysulfides, thioacetamide, thiourea, mercaptans of the formula RSH where R is hydrocarbyl, or a sulfur-containing antioxidant.  
     
     
         3 . The fuel composition of  claim 2 , wherein the sulfur source for component (1) is sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus pentasulfide, R 2 S x  where R is C 1-4  hydrocarbyl, and x is at least 3, inorganic sulfides, or inorganic polysulfides, thioacetamide, thiourea or RSH where R is C 1-40  alkyl, and the acidic molybdenum compound is molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, or alkali metal molybdate.  
     
     
         4 . The fuel composition of  claim 3 , wherein said sulfur source is sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, RSH where R is C 1-10  alkyl, phosphorus pentasulfide, or (NH 4 ) 2 S x′ , where x′ is at least 1, said acidic molybdenum compound is molybdic acid, or ammonium molybdate, and said basic nitrogen compound is a succinimide, carboxylic acid amide, or Mannich base.  
     
     
         5 . The fuel composition of  claim 4 , wherein said basic nitrogen compound is a C 24-350  hydrocarbyl succinimide, carboxylic acid amide, or a Mannich base prepared from a C 9-200  alkylphenol, formaldehyde, and an amine.  
     
     
         6 . The fuel composition of  claim 5 , wherein said basic nitrogen compound is a polyisobutenyl succinimide prepared from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride and tetraethylene pentamine or triethylene tetramine.  
     
     
         7 . The fuel composition of  claim 5 , wherein said basic nitrogen compound is a carboxylic acid amide prepared from one or more carboxylic acids of the formula R 2 COOH, or a derivative thereof which upon reaction with an amine yields a carboxylic acid amide, wherein R 2  is C 12-350  alkyl or C 12-350  alkenyl and a hydrocarbyl polyamine.  
     
     
         8 . The fuel composition of  claim 7 , wherein R 2  is C 12-20  alkyl or C 12-20  alkenyl and the hydrocarbyl polyamine is tetraethylene pentamine or triethylene tetramine.  
     
     
         9 . The fuel composition of  claim 5 , wherein said basic nitrogen compound is a Mannich base prepared from dodecylphenol, formaldehyde, and methylamine.  
     
     
         10 . The fuel composition of  claim 5 , wherein said basic nitrogen compound is a Mannich base prepared from C 80-100  alkylphenol, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, or mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         11 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polar promoter is water.  
     
     
         12 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid amide of component (2) is derived from a carboxylic acid of the formula R 2 COOH, wherein R 2  is C 12-20  alkyl, and an ethylene amine.  
     
     
         13 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the succinimide of component (3) is derived from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, wherein the polyisobutenyl group contains from about 50 to 250 carbon atoms, and an ethylene amine.  
     
     
         14 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition contains about 0.05 to 15% by weight of the molybdenum-containing composition of component (1), about 0.05 to 20% by weight of the carboxylic acid amide of component (2), and about 0.05 to 15% by weight of the succinimide of component (3).  
     
     
         15 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum complex is reacted with the sulfur-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide about 2.0 to 4.0 atoms of sulfur per atom of molybdenum.  
     
     
         16 . The fuel composition of  claim 15 , wherein the molybdenum complex is reacted with the sulfur-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide about 2.5 to 4.0 atoms of sulfur per atom of molybdenum.  
     
     
         17 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the additive formulation further contains a flocculant inhibitor.  
     
     
         18 . The fuel composition of  claim 17 , wherein the additive formulation further contains a lubricity agent.