Low cost, low pollution and low viscosity fuel oil using heavy oil

Abstract

A new type of fuel oil with low cost and low viscosity made of heavy oil or residue oil. The fuel oil is low cost, low viscosity and low pollution and includes base oil formed by adding waste plastic disposal oil made through thermal decomposition to heavy oil or residue oil of high viscosity, thereby decreasing the viscosity. The base oil is then provided with water and emulsifier to form water-in-oil emulsion fuel oil. The emulsifier is formed by mixing caustic soda (NaOH) and the calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and water. Substantial reduction in generation of pollutants in the exhaust gas is achieved when the fuel oil used in a combustion engine. The fuel oil is especially suitable for large and high power vessel engines.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel for a large size and high power combustion engine, comprising: 
 base oil formed by mixing heavy oil and waste plastic disposal thermal decomposition oil in a weight ratio from about 95:5 to about 80:20, thereby decreasing viscosity of the heavy oil without heating;    emulsifier made of caustic soda (NaOH) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ); and    water added to the base oil in a weight ratio from about 5:95 to about 20:80;    wherein the base oil, emulsifier and water are sufficiently mixed with one another so that the water substantially and uniformly distributed in the base oil.    
     
     
         2 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 1 , the heavy oil is heavy oil type C or low grade residue oil.  
     
     
         3 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 1 , wherein the waste plastic disposal thermal decomposition oil is made through a thermal decomposition process of olefin (polyethylene, polypropylene) or polystyrene or a mixture of the olefin and polystyrene, and wherein when the waste plastic include vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, a dechlorination process is preceded to the thermal decomposition process on the waste plastic.  
     
     
         4 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the emulsifier relative to the water-in-oil emulsion fuel oil is in a range of 0.01-5 weight percent.  
     
     
         5 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 1 , wherein the caustic soda (NaOH) and the calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) in the emulsifier are about the same amounts with each other and mixed with water where a weight ratio of NaOH, CaCl 2  and water is about 25:25:100.  
     
     
         6 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in claim  2 , wherein the heavy oil or low grade residue oil has kinematic viscosity of 500 centi-Stokes or higher at temperature 50° C.  
     
     
         7 . A water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 3 , wherein the waste plastic disposal thermal decomposition oil has kinematic viscosity of 5 centi-Stokes or lower at temperature 30° C. is not solidify when left in air for a long period of time.  
     
     
         8 . A method of producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel, comprising the following steps of: 
 forming base oil by mixing heavy oil and waste plastic disposal thermal decomposition oil in a weight ratio from about 95:5 to about 80:20, thereby decreasing viscosity of the heavy oil without heating;    mixing caustic soda (NaOH) and the calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and water to form an encapsulating emulsifier;    adding the encapsulating emulsifier to a mixture of the base oil and water wherein said mixture contains base oil and water in a weight ratio from about 95:5 to about 20:80; and    mixing encapsulating emulsifier and the mixture of base oil and water so that the water substantially and uniformly distributed in the base oil.    
     
     
         9 . A method of producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel, as defined in  claim 8 , wherein a weight ratio of the emulsifier relative to the water-in-oil emulsion fuel oil is in a range of 0.01-5 weight percent.  
     
     
         10 . A method of producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel as defined in  claim 8 , wherein the caustic soda (NaOH) and the calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) in the emulsifier are about the same amounts with each other and mixed with water where a weight ratio of NaOH, CaCl 2  and water is about 25:25:100.