Antimutagenic compositions for treatment and prevention of photodamage to skin

Abstract

A method of improving DNA repair and reducing DNA damage and for reducing mutation frequency in skin for the purpose of reducing consequences of exposure to solar or ultraviolet radiation is disclosed. The methods comprise administering to the skin a composition containing deoxyribonucleosides in concentrations sufficient to enhance DNA repair or reduce mutation frequency in a vehicle capable of delivering effective amounts of deoxyribonucleosides to the necessary skin cells.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A method of improving DNA repair in the skin or mucosa of a mammal comprising administering to said mammal at least one deoxyribonucleoside, deoxyribonucleotide, or oligodeoxyribonucleotide.  
     
     
         2 . A method as in  claim 1  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered topically.  
     
     
         3 . A method as in  claim 1  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         4 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         5 . A method as in  claim 3  where said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         6 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         7 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least deoxyribonucleoside is thymidine.  
     
     
         8 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         9 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         10 . A method as in  claim 3  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture of deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         11 . A method as in  claim 10  wherein said deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         12 . A method as in  claim 10  wherein aid deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         13 . A method for reducing mutation frequency in skin of a mammal exposed to a mutagen comprising administering to said skin a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         14 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein siad mutagen is selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet or solar radiation, a chemical mutagen, a free radcial, or ionizing radiation.  
     
     
         15 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of at least one free or acyl deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         16 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleotide, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, and a polydeoxyribonucleotide.  
     
     
         17 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle at a concentration of from 1.0 to 20 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         18 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         19 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         20 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         21 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl thymidine.  
     
     
         22 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         23 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         24 . A method as in  claim 15  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture of free or acyl deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deocquanodsione and thymidine.  
     
     
         25 . A method as in  claim 24  where said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         26 . A method as in  claim 24  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         27 . A method for reducing the chance of developing skin cancer in a mammal due to exposure to a mutagen comprising administering to the skin of said mammal a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside wherein said source is administered such that said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is present on skin of said mammal during or after exposure to said mutagen in an amount sufficient to reduce the deleterious consequences of said exposure.  
     
     
         28 . A method as in  claim 27  wherein said source is administered within 3 days after exposure to a mutagen.  
     
     
         29 . A method as in  claim 28  wherein said mutagen is selected from the group consisting of solar, ultraviolet, or ionizing radiation.  
     
     
         30 . A method as in  claim 27  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of at least one free or acyl deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         31 . A method as in  claim 27  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleotide, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, and a polydeoxyribonucleotide.  
     
     
         32 . A method as in  claim 27  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle at a concentration of from 1.0 to 20 millegrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         33 . A method as in claim 30 wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         34 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         35 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         36 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl thymidine.  
     
     
         37 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         38 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         39 . A method as in  claim 30  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture of free or acyl deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         40 . A method as in  claim 39  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         41 . A method as in  claim 39  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         42 . A method for reducing the rate of skin photoaging in a mammal comprising administering to the skin of said mammal at least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         43 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         44 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         45 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         46 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is thymidine.  
     
     
         47 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         48 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         49 . A method as in  claim 42  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture of deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         50 . A method as in  claim 49  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         51 . A method as in  claim 49  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         52 . A method for reducing the chance of developing actinic keratoses in at mammal comprising administering to the skin of said mammal a source of a least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         53 . A method as in  claim 52  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleotide, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, and an acyl derivatives of deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         54 . A method of reducing the deleterious consequences of photosensitization or photodynamic sensitization on the skin of a mammal caused by an endogenous or exogenous photochemically active chromophore comprising administering to said skin an energy scavenging agent with a lowest triplet state energy less than or equal to that of nucleobases in DNA.  
     
     
         55 . A method as in  claim 54  wherein said exogenous chromophore is a sunscreen agent.  
     
     
         56 . A method as in  claim 55  wherein said sunscreen agent is selected from the group consisting of avobenzone (t-butyl dimethoxydibenzoylmethane), oxybenzone (benzophenone-3), dioxybenzone (benzophenone-8), sulisobenzone (benzophenone-4; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid), octocrylene (2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate), octyl methoxycinnamate (2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate), octyl salicylate (2-ethylhexylsalicylate), homosalate (homomenthyl salicylate), trolamine salicylate (triethanolamine salicylate), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid), roxadimate (ethyl 4-bis hydroxypropyl aminobenzoate), lisadimate (glyceryl PABA), Padimate O (octyldimethyl PABA), menthyl anthranilate, or Parsol 1789 (butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane)  
     
     
         57 . A method as in  claim 54  wherein said energy scavenging agent is selected from the group consisting of DNA, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, a ribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleotide, an acyl deoxyribonucleoside, and an acyl ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         58 . A method as in  claim 57  wherein said energy scavenging agent is administered in a vehicle containing 0.1 to 20 mg/ml.  
     
     
         59 . A method as in  claim 57  wherein said energy scavenging agent is a mixture comprising free or acylated deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         60 . A method as in  claim 59  wherein said mixture is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         61 . A method for reducing the deleterious consequences of exposure of a mutagen to the skin of a mammal comprising administering to said mammal at least one deoxyribonucleoside, deoxyribonucleotide, or oligodeoxyribonucleotide.  
     
     
         62 . A method as in  claim 61  wherein said mutagen is solar or ultraviolet radiation.  
     
     
         63 . A method as in  claim 61  wherein said mutagen is ionizing radiation.  
     
     
         64 . A method as in  claim 61  wherein said mutagen is a free radical.  
     
     
         65 . A method as in  claim 61  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered topically.  
     
     
         66 . A method as in  claim 61  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of deoxycytidine deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         67 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         68 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         69 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         70 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is thymidine.  
     
     
         71 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         72 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         73 . A method as in  claim 66  wherein said at least on deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         74 . A method as in  claim 73  wherein said deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         75 . A method as in  claim 73  wherein said deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         76 . A method of reducing the deleterious consequences of exposure of skin to endogenously produced nitric oxide comprising administering to said skin a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         77 . A method as in  claim 76  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleotide, as oligodeoxyribonucleotide, or an acyl deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         78 . A method as in  claim 76  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle at a concentration of from 1.0 to 20 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         79 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         80 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         81 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         82 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl thymidine.  
     
     
         83 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         84 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         85 . A method as in  claim 77  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture of free or acyl deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         86 . A method as in  claim 85  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1.0 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         87 . A method as in  claim 85  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 1 to 5 milligrams per of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         88 . A method of treating skin inflammation in a mammal comprising administering to inflamed skin a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside or ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         89 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said skin inflammation is selected from the group consisting of dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, and acne.  
     
     
         90 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said skin inflammation is due to exposure to solar or ultraviolet radiation.  
     
     
         91 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside or ribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of DNA, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, a ribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleotide, an acyl deoxyribonucleoside, and an acyl ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         92 . A method as in  claim 9  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside or ribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 20 mg/ml.  
     
     
         93 . A method as in  claim 91  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture comprising free or acylated deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         94 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         95 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said source of at least one ribonucleoside is adenosine.  
     
     
         96 . A method as in  claim 88  wherein said adenosine is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 10 mg/ml.  
     
     
         97 . A method of treating mucosal inflammation in a mammal comprising administering to said mucosal inflammation a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside or ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         98 . A method as in  claim 97  wherein said mucosal skin inflammation is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, stomatitis or mucositis.  
     
     
         99 . A method as in  claim 97  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside or ribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of DNA, an oligodeoxyribonucleotides, a ribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleotide, an acyl deoxyribonucleoside, and an acyl ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         100 . A method as in  claim 99  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 20 mg/ml.  
     
     
         101 . A method as in  claim 99  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture comprising free or acylated deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         102 . A method as in  claim 97  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         103 . A method of reducing the chance of developing skin cancer in a mammal due to exposure to solar or ultraviolet radiation comprising topically administering a composition comprising a sunscreen agent and an energy scavenging agent.  
     
     
         104 . A method as in  claim 103  wherein said sunscreen agent is selected from the group consisting of avobenzone (t-butyl dimethoxydibenzoylmethane), oxybenzone (benzophenone-3), dioxybenzone (benzophenone-8), sulisobenzone (benzophenone-4; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid), octocrylene (2-ethylexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate), octyl methoxycinnamate (2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate), octyl salicylate (2-ethylhexylsalicylate), homosalate (homomenthyl salicylate), trolamine salicylate (triethanolamine salicylate), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid), roxadimate (ethyl 4-bis hydroxypropyl aminobenzoate), lisadimate (glyceryl PABA), Padimate O (octyldimethyl PABA), menthyl anthranilate, or Parsol 1789 (butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane)  
     
     
         105 . A method as in  claim 103  wherein said energy scavenging agent is selected from the group consisting of DNA, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, a ribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleotide, an acyl deoxyribonucleoside, and an acyl ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         106 . A method as in  claim 105  wherein said energy scavenging agent is administered in a vehicle containing from 0.1 to 20 mg/ml.  
     
     
         107 . A method as in  claim 105  wherein said energy scavenging agent is a mixture comprising free or acylated deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         108 . A composition comprising 
 a) at least one deoxyribonucleoside and    b) an agent that enhances penetration of said at least one deoxyribonucleoside into the skin.    
     
     
         109 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said skin is human skin.  
     
     
         110 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         111 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyadenosine.  
     
     
         112 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is deoxyguanosine.  
     
     
         113 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is thymidine.  
     
     
         114 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is present in a concentration of from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         115 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is present in a concentration of from 1.0 to 5 milligrams per milliliter of each deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         116 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture comprising free deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         117 . A composition as in  claim 116  wherein each deoxyribonucleoside is present in a concentration of 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         118 . A composition as in  claim 116  wherein each deoxyribonucleoside is present in a concentration of 1 to 5 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         119 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said agent that enhances penetration is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, isopropanol, azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one), oleic acid, linoleic acid, propylene glycol, hypertonic glycerol, lactic acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, and malic acid.  
     
     
         120 . A composition as in  claim 108  wherein said composition is a hydrogel.  
     
     
         121 . A composition as in  claim 120  wherein the gelling agent for said hydrogel is selected from the group consisting of methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carbomer, Hypan, polyacrylate, and glycerine polyacrylate.  
     
     
         122 . A composition comprising 
 a) deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine and    b) benzyl alcohol.    
     
     
         123 . A composition as in  claim 122  wherein the concentration of said benzyl alcohol is between 0.1 and 5%.  
     
     
         124 . A composition as in  claim 122  wherein the concentrations of deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine are between 0.1 and 10 mg/ml.  
     
     
         125 . A composition as in  claim 122  further containing deoxycytidine and thymidine.  
     
     
         126 . A composition as in  claim 125  wherein the concentrations of deoxycytidine and thymidine are between 0.1 and 10 mg/ml.  
     
     
         127 . A composition comprising a methylxanthine and source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         128 . A composition as in  claim 127  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of at least one deoxyribonucleoside and at least one acyl derivative of a deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         129 . A composition comprising 
 a) a sunscreen agent    b) an energy scavenging agent.    
     
     
         130 . A composition as in  claim 129  wherein said sunscreen agent is selected from the group consisting of avobenzone (t-butyl dimethoxydibenzoylmethane), oxybenzone (benzophenone-3), dioxybenzone (benzophenone-8), sulisobenzone (benzophenone-4; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid), octocrylene (2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate), octyl methoxycinnamate (2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate), octyl salicylate (2-ethylhexylsalicylate), homosalate (homomenthyl salicylate), trolamine salicylate (triethanolamine salicylate), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid), roxadimate (ethyl 4-bis hydroxypropyl aminobenzoate), lisadimate (glyceryl PABA), Padimate O (octyldimethyl PABA), menthyl anthranilate, and Parsol 1789 (butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane).  
     
     
         131 . A composition as in  claim 129  wherein said energy scavenging agent is selected from the group consisting of a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         132 . A composition as in  claim 131  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleotide, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, or an acyl deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         133 . A composition as in  claim 132  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is a mixture comprising free or acylated deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.  
     
     
         134 . A composition as in  claim 132  wherein each deoxyribonucleoside is present in a concentration of from 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         135 . A composition in  claim 132  wherein said at least one deoxyribonucleoside is free or acyl deoxycytidine.  
     
     
         136 . A composition as in  claim 135  wherein said free or acyl deoxycytidine is present in a concentration of from 0.1 to 100 milligrams per milliliter.  
     
     
         137 . A composition as in  claim 129  wherein said energy scavenging agent is selected from the group consisting of a source of at least one ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         138 . A composition as in  claim 137  wherein said source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside is selected from the group consisting of a ribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, an oligoribonucleotide, or an acyl ribonucleoside.  
     
     
         139 . A method for reducing the rate of development of skin photodamage in a mammal exposed to solar or ultraviolet radiation comprising administering to the skin of said mammal a source of at least one deoxyribonucleoside wherein said source is administered such that said deoxyribonucleoside is present on skin of said mammal during or after exposure to said radiation in an amount sufficient to reduce the deleterious consequences of said exposure.  
     
     
         140 . A method as in  claim 139  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of at least one free or acyl deoxyribonucleoside.  
     
     
         141 . A method as in  claim 139  wherein said source is selected from the group consisting of a deoxyribonucleoside, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, and a polydeoxyribonucleotide.  
     
     
         142 . A method of reducing the rate of development of skin photodamage in a mammal due to exposure to solar or ultraviolet radiation comprising topically administering a composition comprising a sunscreen agent and an energy scavenging agent.  
     
     
         143 . A method as in  claim 142  wherein said energy scavenging agent is selected from the group consisting of DNA, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, a ribonucleoside, a deoxyribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleotide, an acyl deoxyribonucleoside, and an acyl ribonucleoside.