Construction methods for preventing land erosion and improving streams, or for revetments, and construction methods for preventing mountain landslides

Abstract

Erosion or collapse of a stream or a river is prevented by mooring timber, stones, or the like with a longitudinal cable (steel cable) ( 1 ). Barrier-like members ( 3 ) such as timber and stones moored by using the longitudinal cable ( 1 ) are arranged substantially stepwise or parallel to each other on the ground near the eroded or collapsed place to prevent mountain landslides.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ); and    (b) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided in a stream or a river substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water at an appropriate interval in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the stream or river.    
     
     
         2 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided on land along the stream or river.  
     
     
         3 . The construction method for preventing land-erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided in the stream or river.  
     
     
         4 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is a tree, a rock, or an artificial structure.  
     
     
         5 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is directly fixed to said base point ( 2 ).  
     
     
         6 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is indirectly fixed to said base point ( 2 ) via an auxiliary cable ( 5 ).  
     
     
         7 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are selected from the group consisting of a single piece of timber, bound timber, timber connected in a venetian-blind shape, a concrete block, a wire cylinder filled with stones, and a sandbag.  
     
     
         8 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are directly moored by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ).  
     
     
         9 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored by using said mooring cable ( 4 ).  
     
     
         10 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein at least three barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, including at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) that are placed side-by-side and which may be connected to each other with a connecting cable ( 6 ).  
     
     
         11 . A construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 );    (b) a step of connecting said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to each other by the use of at least one lateral cable ( 7 ); and    (c) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided in a stream or a river substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water at an appropriate interval in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the stream or river.    
     
     
         12 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 11   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are directly moored by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ).  
     
     
         13 . A construction method for a revetment, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ); and    (b) a step of mooring at least one barrier-like member ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is provided in a stream or a river and along its bank.    
     
     
         14 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided on land along the stream or river.  
     
     
         15 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided in the stream or river.  
     
     
         16 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is a tree, a rock, or an artificial structure.  
     
     
         17 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is directly fixed to said base point ( 2 ).  
     
     
         18 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is indirectly fixed to said base point ( 2 ) via an auxiliary cable ( 5 ).  
     
     
         19 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is selected from the group consisting of a single piece of timber, bound timber, timber connected in a venetian-blind shape, a concrete block, a wire cylinder filled with stones, and a sandbag.  
     
     
         20 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is directly moored by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ).  
     
     
         21 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is moored by using said mooring cable ( 4 ).  
     
     
         22 . The construction method for a revetment according to    claim 13   , wherein there are provided at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) connected in series to each other with a connecting cable ( 6 ).  
     
     
         23 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ) so as to provide the longitudinal cable ( 1 ) on both sides of a mountain across a ridge of the mountain; and    (b) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), 50 that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided on each side of the mountain at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) extending substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.    
     
     
         24 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said base point ( 2 ) is a tree, a rock, or an artificial structure.  
     
     
         25 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is directly fixed to said base point ( 2 ).  
     
     
         26 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is indirectly fixed to said base point ( 2 ) via an auxiliary cable ( 5 ).  
     
     
         27 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are selected from the group consisting of a single piece of timber, bound timber, timber connected in a venetian-blind shape, a concrete block, a wire-cylinder filled with stones, and a sandbag.  
     
     
         28 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored so that they are provided stepwise on a mountainside.  
     
     
         29 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are directly moored by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ).  
     
     
         30 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored by using said mooring cable ( 4 ).  
     
     
         31 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 23   , wherein on at least one side of the mountain, at least three barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, including at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) which are placed side-by-side and which may be connected to each other with a connecting cable ( 6 ).  
     
     
         32 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 31   , wherein at least one barrier-like member ( 3 ) is provided at each end of said longitudinal cable ( 1 ).  
     
     
         33 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 );    (b) a step of connecting said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to each other with at least one lateral cable ( 7 );    (c) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain; and    wherein said base point ( 2 ) is provided on a slope opposite the side of the mountain on which said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, and said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) are fixed to said base point ( 2 ) across a ridge of the mountain.    
     
     
         34 . A construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing a lateral cable ( 7 ) to at least two base points ( 2 ); and    (b) a step of mooring directly by using said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said lateral cable ( 7 ) at least one barrier-like member ( 3 ) in a stream or a river so as to be provided substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water;    wherein at least two sets of structures, each comprising said lateral cable ( 7 ), the base points ( 2 ), and the barrier-like member ( 3 ) as essential components, are placed, so that said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided in the stream or river at an appropriate interval in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the stream or river.    
     
     
         35 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 34   , wherein said lateral cable ( 7 ) is directly fixed to said base points ( 2 ).  
     
     
         36 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 34   , wherein said lateral cable ( 7 ) is indirectly fixed to said base points ( 2 ) via an auxiliary cable ( 5 ).  
     
     
         37 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 34   , wherein said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is directly moored by using said lateral-cable ( 7 ).  
     
     
         38 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 34   , wherein at least one set of said structures comprises at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) which are placed side-by-side and which may be connected to each other with a connecting cable ( 6 ).  
     
     
         39 . A land-erosion-preventive or site am-imp roving structure comprising at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ), and wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided in a stream or a river substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water at an appropriate interval in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the stream or river.  
     
     
         40 . A land-erosion-preventive or stream-imp roving structure comprising at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), at least one lateral cable ( 7 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) are fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ), and are connected to each other with said lateral cable ( 7 ), and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided in a stream or river substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water at an appropriate interval in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the stream or river.  
     
     
         41 . A revetment structure comprising at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), and at least one barrier-like member ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ), and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are placed in a stream or river and along its bank.  
     
     
         42 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ) so as to provide the longitudinal cable ( 1 ) on both sides of a mountain across a ridge of the mountain, and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), 50 that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.  
     
     
         43 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), at least one lateral cable ( 7 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) are fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ) so as to provide the longitudinal cables ( 1 ) on both sides of a mountain across a ridge of the mountain, and are connected to each other with said lateral cable ( 7 ), and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.  
     
     
         44 . A land-erosion-preventive or stream-improving structure comprising a lateral cable ( 7 ), at least two base points ( 2 ), and at least one barrier-like member ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said lateral cable ( 7 ) is fixed to said base points ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ), and said barrier-like member ( 3 ) is moored directly by using said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said lateral cable ( 7 ), so as to be provided in a stream or a river substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current of water.  
     
     
         45 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 1   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided on any location chosen from a slope of a mountain on the side where the stream or river is located, a mountain ridge, and a slope of a mountain opposite the side where the stream or river is located.  
     
     
         46 . The construction method for preventing land erosion and improving a stream according to    claim 13   , wherein the base point ( 2 ) is provided on any location chosen from a slope of a mountain on the side where the stream or river is located, a mountain ridge, and a slope of a mountain opposite the side where the stream or river is located.  
     
     
         47 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ); and    (b) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) extending substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain;    wherein said base point ( 2 ) is located on a slope of the mountain opposite the side of the mountain where said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, and said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ) so that the cable ( 1 ) extends across a ridge of the mountain.    
     
     
         48 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 47   , wherein a base point ( 2 ) is additionally provided on the ridge of the mountain.  
     
     
         49 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ) constituted by a cable that is wound around a mountain; and    (b) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of the mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) extending substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.    
     
     
         50 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ) so as to provide the longitudinal cables ( 1 ) on both sides of a mountain across a ridge of the mountain;    (b) a step of connecting said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to each other with at least one lateral cable ( 7 ); and    (c) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) for each side of the mountain directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided on each side of the mountain at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of the mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.    
     
     
         51 . The construction method for preventing mountain landslides according to    claim 50   , wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ).  
     
     
         52 . A construction method for preventing mountain landslides, comprising: 
 (a) a step of directly or indirectly fixing at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to a base point ( 2 ) constituted by a cable that is wound around a mountain;    (b) a step of connecting said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) to each other with at least one lateral cable ( 7 ); and    (c) a step of mooring at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using a mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of the mountain with the longer dimension of each barrier-like member ( 3 ) substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.    
     
     
         53 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain, said base point ( 2 ) is provided on a slope of the mountain opposite the side of the mountain on which said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, and said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ) across a ridge of the mountain.  
     
     
         54 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least one longitudinal cable ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ) constituted by a cable that is wound around a mountain, and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ), wherein said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) is fixed to said base point ( 2 ), and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cable ( 1 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to said longitudinal cable ( 1 ),  50  that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of the mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.  
     
     
         55 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ), at least one lateral cable ( 7 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ) and/or an auxiliary cable ( 5 ), wherein said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of a mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain, said base point ( 2 ) is provided on a slope of the mountain opposite the side of the mountain on which said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided, and said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) are fixed to said base point ( 2 ) directly or indirectly via said auxiliary cable ( 5 ) across a ridge of the mountain and are connected to each other with said lateral cable ( 7 ).  
     
     
         56 . A mountain-landslide-preventive structure comprising at least two longitudinal cables ( 1 ), a base point ( 2 ) constituted by a cable that is wound around a mountain, at least one lateral cable ( 7 ), and at least two barrier-like members ( 3 ), and further and optionally a mooring cable ( 4 ), wherein said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) are fixed to said base point ( 2 ) and are connected to each other with said lateral cable ( 7 ), and said barrier-like members ( 3 ) are moored directly by using said longitudinal cables ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ) or by using said mooring cable ( 4 ) connected to each longitudinal cable ( 1 ) and/or said lateral cable ( 7 ), so that the barrier-like members ( 3 ) are provided at an appropriate interval in the direction of the height of the mountain with their longer dimensions substantially at right angles to the direction of the height of the mountain.