Cutting and edge sealing cellular retroreflective sheeting

Abstract

A method for cutting and edge sealing cells of cellular retroreflective sheeting is disclosed using a specially designed apparatus and tool. Sheeting having a thickness T is heated to a thermoforming temperature to form a heated sheeting. Pressing the unheated tool, the heated sheeting, and a substrate together results in cutting and edge sealing of the heated sheeting. The tool has a radiused ridge for cutting and edge sealing with the shape of the ridge similar to the shape desired for the edge seal. A height H of the ridge is defined relative to the thickness of the sheeting. The fraction of the ridge height to the thickness of the sheeting is less than one and more than 0.2. The tools may be mounted on a perimeter of a wheel for continuously slitting and edge sealing strips of cellular sheeting. The retroreflectivity of the sheeting is maximized by (1) minimizing the width of the sealed edges while (2) maximizing the number of closed cells along the sealed edges that can withstand a water holdout test.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A method of cutting and edge sealing cellular retroreflective sheeting, comprising the steps of: 
 positioning a cellular retroreflective sheeting on a substrate, wherein the sheeting has an initial thickness T;    heating the sheeting to a thermoforming temperature to yield a heated sheeting;    providing at least one tool having a radiused ridge thereon, the ridge having a height H, wherein the fraction of H/T is less than one and at least 0.2;    maintaining the tool at a temperature below the thermoforming temperature; and    pressing the tool, the heated sheeting, and the substrate together until the tool cuts and edge seals the cells to form sealed edges.    
     
     
         2 . The method of    claim 1   , wherein the sheeting comprises: 
 a substantially transparent face member;    a base member having a front side and a back side;    a network of interconnecting seal leg members bonding the front side of the base member to the face member to form sealed cells; and    retroreflective elements disposed within the cells, wherein the elements are arranged in substantially a layer with an air interface, and wherein at least one of the face member, base member, and seal leg member is thermoformable at the thermoforming temperature.    
     
     
         3 . The method of    claim 1   , wherein the sealed edges have an average width less than 1.5 mm.  
     
     
         4 . The method of    claim 1   , wherein at least 95% of the cells along the sealed edges are unfilled with water after being subjected to a water holdout test.  
     
     
         5 . The method of    claim 1   , wherein the temperature of the tool is less than 30° C. and the thermoforming temperature of the heated sheeting is more than 70° C.  
     
     
         6 . The method of    claim 1   , wherein the fraction of H/T is within the range of 0.3 to 0.8.  
     
     
         7 . The method of    claim 1   , further comprising the steps of: 
 rotating the substrate, the substrate comprising an internally heated can;    unwinding the sheeting from a roll with the width of the sheeting rotating on the substrate to yield a heated sheeting;    rotating a wheel having a perimeter with at least one tool mounted thereon, each tool spaced across the width of the sheeting; and    pressing the tool, the heated sheeting, and the substrate together until the tool cuts and edge seals the cells to form sealed edges.    
     
     
         8 . The method of    claim 7   , comprising the additional step of: 
 increasing a diameter of at least one of the wheels for maintaining the temperature of the tool lower than the thermoforming temperature of the heated sheeting.    
     
     
         9 . The method of    claim 7   , comprising the additional step of: 
 blowing gas onto the tool for maintaining the temperature of the tool below the thermoforming temperature of the heated sheet.    
     
     
         10 . The method of    claim 6   , comprising the additional step of: 
 adding heat to the heated sheeting using a heat source external to the substrate.    
     
     
         11 . Cellular retroreflective sheeting made by a process of cutting and edge sealing, comprising the steps of: 
 positioning a cellular retroreflective sheeting on a substrate, wherein the sheeting has an initial thickness T;    heating the sheeting to a thermoforming temperature to yield a heated sheeting;    providing at least one tool having a radiused ridge thereon, the ridge having a height H, wherein the fraction of H/T is less than one and at least 0.2;    maintaining the tool below the thermoforming temperature; and    pressing the tool, the heated sheeting, and the substrate together until the tool cuts and edge seals the cells to form sealed edges.    
     
     
         12 . Cellular retroreflective sheeting, having: 
 sealed edges, wherein the average width of the sealed edges is less than 1.5 mm; and at least 80% of the cells along the sealed edges are unfilled with water after being subjected to a water holdout test.    
     
     
         13 . Cellular retroreflective sheeting, having: 
 a substantially transparent face member;    a base member having a front side and a back side;    a network of interconnecting seal leg members bonding the front side of the base member to the face member to form sealed cells;    retroreflective elements disposed within the cells, wherein the elements are arranged in substantially a layer with an air interface; and    heat sealed edges, wherein the average width of the sealed edges is less than 1.5 mm; and at least 80% of the cells along the sealed edges are unfilled with water after being subjected to a water holdout test.