System and methods for oceanic and atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate management, algal fostering, and initiation and maintenance of fisheries by deeper nutrient rich water pumping

Abstract

Provided herein are systems and methods for energy capture, energy storage, and stored energy translation to mechanical work, having: a piston drive pump cylinder tube for housing a first volume of liquid, and a piston drive pump; wherein the piston drive pump is configured for motion; an energy storage tank for storage of a first volume of air and a second volume of liquid wherein the first volume of air is compressed air; a recovery tank for housing a second volume of air and a third volume of liquid; a liquid driven turbine connected to the energy storage tank and in communication with the second volume of liquid of the energy storage tank; a plurality of unidirectional liquid tubes and air tubes for connecting the piston drive cylinder tube, the energy storage tank, and the recovery tank; an impeller associated with the turbine; and a subsystem for energy generation.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A system for energy capture, energy storage, and stored energy translation to mechanical work, the system comprising:
 a piston drive pump cylinder tube for housing a first volume of liquid, a first volume of air, and a piston drive pump located at a first end of the piston drive pump cylinder tube; wherein the piston drive pump is configured for motion comprising a drive phase motion and a recovery phase motion within the piston drive pump cylinder tube when moved by an external force;   an energy storage tank for housing a second volume of liquid and a second volume of air; wherein the second volume of air comprises compressed air configured to store energy captured by the system, and wherein the compressed air comprises a first pressure;   a recovery storage tank for housing a third volume of liquid and a third volume of air, wherein the third volume of air comprises a second pressure, wherein the second pressure is lower than the first pressure;   a turbine connected to and driven by the second volume of liquid of the energy storage tank; wherein the turbine is in communication with the first energy storage tank;   a first unidirectional air tube for connecting the first volume of air from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank;   a second unidirectional air tube for connecting the second volume of air from the energy storage tank to the recovery storage tank;   a third unidirectional air tube for connecting the third volume of air from the recovery storage tank to the piston drive pump cylinder tube;   a first unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the first volume of liquid from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank;   a second unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the second volume of liquid from the energy storage tank past the turbine to the recovery tank, such that the turbine is driven by the liquid passing through the second unidirectional liquid tube;   a third unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the third volume of liquid from the recovery tank to the piston drive pump cylinder tube;   wherein the drive phase motion of the piston drive air pump causes a portion of the first volume of air and a portion of the first volume of liquid to move from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank;   and wherein the recovery phase of motion of the piston drive pump causes a portion of the third volume of liquid and a portion of the third volume of air to move from the recovery tank to the piston drive pump cylinder tube;   an impeller associated with the turbine configured for external pumping work;   and a subsystem for energy generation.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to be used on open water, wherein the external force for moving the piston drive pump is wave motion from the open water; and wherein the external pumping work is pumping of the open water. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , comprising a central housing buoy, wherein the piston drive pump cylinder tube, the energy storage tank, the turbine and the recovery tank are housed within the central housing buoy, and wherein the impeller and a water pump associated with the impellar are external to the central housing buoy. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is a mechanical lever arm system comprising:
 a pair of lever arms comprising a first lever arm and a second lever arm, each lever arm having a piston end and a pontoon end, wherein the first lever arm is opposite to the second lever arm;   wherein the pontoon end is associated with a pontoon configured to float on open water and capture energy from movement in a vertical plane when driven by wave motion; and   wherein the vertical motion causes the piston end to move the piston drive pump.   
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 4 , comprising a plurality of pairs of lever arms configured in a circular arrangement around the central housing buoy. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is an electrical modified wells turbine system comprising:
 an airfoil blade having a plurality of fan blades, each fan blade comprising a top fin and a bottom fin and a central groove between the top fin and the bottom fin;   wherein the central groove is configured to decrease air resistance;   wherein the airfoil blade is configured for rotation along a single direction; and   wherein the airfoil blade rotates along the single direction when wind blows on the fan from above and rotates along the single direction when the wind blows on the fan from below.   
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 6 , comprising a pipe for housing the modified wells turbine system, wherein the pipe has a curved top pipe end, a bottom pipe end, and a bottleneck midsection disposed between the curved top pipe end and the bottom pipe end;
 wherein the curved top pipe end and the bottom pipe end each have a first width, and the bottleneck midsection has a second width smaller than the first width; and   wherein the airfoil blade is disposed within an interior of the pipe at the bottleneck midsection.   
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 3 , wherein the central housing buoy is constructed from a solar energy absorbing and heat trapping material. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a subsystem for causing an upwelling to create a fishery without altering thermoclines in a body of water, comprising:
 a pump housed in a floating buoy; and   a heat exchanger hose comprising a plurality of protrusions;   wherein the heat exchanger hose and the pump are configured to pump water from a first depth of the body of water to a second depth of the body of water, the second depth being closer to a surface of the body of water than the first depth;   wherein the pumped water is nutrient-rich water; and   wherein the plurality of protrusions is configured for transferring heat from surrounding waters to the pumped water within the heat exchanger hose; and   wherein the subsystem for causing an upwelling is configured to release the pumped water only when it is warmed to around the ambient water temperature of the second depth of the body of water, such that the pumped water remains at the second depth for a period of time.   
     
     
         10 . A system for energy capture, energy storage, and stored energy translation to mechanical work, the system comprising:
 a piston drive pump cylinder tube for housing a first volume of liquid, a first volume of air, and a piston drive pump located at a first end of the piston drive pump cylinder tube; wherein the piston drive pump is configured for motion comprising a drive phase motion and a recovery phase motion within the piston drive pump cylinder tube when moved by an external force;   an energy storage tank for housing a second volume of liquid and a second volume of air; wherein the second volume of air comprises compressed air configured to store energy captured by the system, and wherein the compressed air comprises a first pressure;   a recovery storage tank for housing a third volume of liquid and a third volume of air, wherein the third volume of air comprises a second pressure, wherein the second pressure is lower than the first pressure;   a turbine connected to and driven by the second volume of liquid of the energy storage tank; wherein the turbine is in communication with the first energy storage tank;   a first unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the first volume of liquid from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank;   a second unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the second volume of liquid from the energy storage tank past the turbine to the recovery tank, such that the turbine is driven by the liquid passing through the second unidirectional liquid tube;   a third unidirectional flow liquid tube for connecting the third volume of liquid from the recovery tank to the piston drive pump cylinder tube;   wherein the drive phase motion of the piston drive pump causes a portion of the first volume of liquid to move from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank;   and wherein the recovery phase motion of the piston drive pump causes a portion of the third volume of liquid to move from the recovery tank to the piston drive air pump cylinder tube;   an impeller associated with the turbine; and   a subsystem for energy generation.   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the system is configured to be used on open water, and wherein the external force for moving the piston drive pump is wave motion from the open water. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 10 , comprising a central housing buoy, wherein the piston drive pump cylinder tube, the energy storage tank, and the recovery tank are housed within the central housing buoy, and wherein the turbine and the impeller are external to the central housing buoy. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is a mechanical lever arm system comprising:
 a pair of lever arms comprising a first lever arm and a second lever arm, each lever arm having a piston end and a pontoon end;   wherein the pontoon end is associated with a pontoon configured to float on open water and move in a vertical motion as a result of wave motion; and   wherein the vertical motion causes the piston end to move the piston drive pump.   
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is an electricity generating modified wells turbine system comprising:
 an airfoil blade having a plurality of fan blades, each fan blade comprising a top fin and a bottom fin and a central groove between the top fin and the bottom fin;   wherein the central groove is configured to decrease air resistance;   wherein the airfoil blade is configured for rotation along a single direction; and   wherein the airfoil blade rotates along the single direction when wind blows on the fan from above and rotates along the single direction when the wind blows on the fan from below.   
     
     
         15 . A method of energy capture, energy storage, and stored energy translation to mechanical work, the method comprising:
 providing a system configured for use on open water, the system having:
 a piston drive pump cylinder tube for housing a first volume of liquid, and a piston drive pump at a first end of the piston drive air pump cylinder tube; wherein the piston drive pump is configured for motion comprising a drive phase motion and a recovery phase motion within the piston drive pump cylinder tube when moved by wave motion from the open water; 
 an energy storage tank for storage of a first volume of air and a second volume of liquid wherein the first volume of air comprises compressed air, and wherein the compressed air comprises a first pressure; 
 a recovery tank for housing a second volume of air and a third volume of liquid; 
 a turbine connected to the energy storage tank and in communication with the second volume of liquid of the energy storage tank; 
 a first unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the first volume of liquid from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank; 
 a second unidirectional liquid tube for connecting the second volume of liquid from the energy storage tank past the turbine to the recovery tank, such that the turbine is driven by the liquid passing through the second unidirectional liquid tube; 
 a third unidirectional flow liquid tube for connecting the third volume of liquid from the recovery tank to the piston drive pump cylinder tube; 
 wherein the drive phase motion of the piston drive pump causes a portion of the first volume of liquid to move from the piston drive pump cylinder tube to the energy storage tank; 
 and wherein the recovery phase motion of the piston drive pump causes a portion of the third volume of liquid to move from the recovery tank to the piston drive air pump cylinder tube; 
 an impeller associated with the turbine; and 
 a subsystem for energy generation; 
   storing energy generated by the system within the energy storage tank; and   connecting the system to an external device configured to use the energy stored within the energy storage tank.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , comprising:
 providing a subsystem for causing an upwelling to create a fishery without altering thermoclines in a body of water, comprising:   a pump housed in a floating buoy; and   a heat exchanger hose comprising a plurality of protrusions;   wherein the heat exchanger hose and the pump are configured to pump water from a first depth of the body of water to a second depth of the body of water, the second depth being closer to a surface of the body of water than the first depth;   wherein the pumped water is nutrient-rich water; and   wherein the plurality of protrusions is configured for transferring heat from surrounding waters to the pumped water within the heat exchanger hose; and   wherein the subsystem for causing an upwelling is configured to release the pumped water only when it is warmed to around the ambient water temperature of the second depth of the body of water, such that the pumped water remains at the second depth for a period of time.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , comprising operating the subsystem for causing an upwelling, such that the system configured for use on open water is warmed by the pumped water. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is a mechanical lever arm system comprising:
 a pair of lever arms comprising a first lever arm and a second lever arm, each lever arm having a piston end and a pontoon end;   wherein the pontoon end is associated with a pontoon configured to float on open water and capture energy from movement in a vertical plane when driven by wave motion; and   wherein the vertical motion causes the piston end to move the piston drive pump.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the subsystem for energy generation is an electrical modified wells turbine system comprising:
 an airfoil blade having a plurality of fan blades, each fan blade comprising a top fin and a bottom fin and a central groove between the top fin and the bottom fin;   wherein the central groove is configured to decrease air resistance;   wherein the airfoil blade is configured for rotation along a single direction; and   wherein the airfoil blade rotates along the single direction when wind blows on the fan from above and rotates along the single direction when the wind blows on the fan from below.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , comprising a pipe for housing the modified wells turbine system, wherein the pipe has a curved top pipe end, a bottom pipe end, and a bottleneck midsection disposed between the curved top pipe end and the bottom pipe end;
 wherein the curved top pipe end and the bottom pipe end each have a first width, and the bottleneck midsection has a second width smaller than the first width; and   wherein the airfoil blade is disposed within an interior of the pipe at the bottleneck midsection.