Switching power converter

Abstract

An apparatus may include a power converter having a power supply input for receiving an input power supply voltage generated by a power supply, an output for generating an output voltage to a load, and a power inductor coupled between the power supply input and the output may and further include an energy storage element coupled to the power supply input, the power inductor, and the output such that operation of the power inductor is split temporally between delivering energy to the energy storage element and delivering energy to the load, and operation of the energy storage element is split temporally between delivering energy to the load and receiving energy from one or both of the power supply and the load.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An apparatus comprising:
 a power converter having a power supply input for receiving an input power supply voltage generated by a power supply, an output for generating an output voltage to a load, and a power inductor coupled between the power supply input and the output; and 
 an energy storage element coupled to the power supply input, the power inductor, and the output such that:
 within a first portion of a single switching cycle, the power inductor is configured both to deliver energy to the energy storage element; and 
 within a second, different portion of the same single switching cycle, the power inductor is configured to deliver energy to the load. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the power converter comprises a switched-mode power supply comprising a plurality of switches configured to be controlled such that the power converter operates in a plurality of modes comprising at least:
 a boost mode in which the power converter generates the output voltage greater than the input power supply voltage; and 
 a buck mode in which the power converter generates the output voltage lesser than the input power supply voltage. 
 
     
     
       3. The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein at least one switching cycle of the power converter in the boost mode comprises a charging phase and a discharging phase such that:
 during the charging phase, the power inductor is charged from the power supply and the energy storage element; and 
 during the discharging phase, the power inductor is discharged to the load. 
 
     
     
       4. The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein at least one switching cycle of the power converter in the buck mode comprises a charging phase and a discharging phase such that:
 during the charging phase, the power inductor is charged from the power supply; and 
 during the discharging phase, the power inductor is discharged to the load and the energy storage element. 
 
     
     
       5. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the energy storage element comprises a capacitor. 
     
     
       6. The apparatus of  claim 5 , wherein:
 the power supply comprises a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal; 
 the first power supply terminal is coupled to the power supply input of the power converter; and 
 the capacitor has a first capacitor terminal coupled to the power inductor and a second capacitor terminal coupled to the second power supply terminal. 
 
     
     
       7. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the power inductor comprises a first inductor terminal coupled to the power supply input and a second inductor terminal coupled to a first storage element terminal of the energy storage element, and the apparatus further comprises a first switch coupled between the second inductor terminal and the load, such that when the first switch is enabled, either energy is delivered to the load from at least one of the energy storage element and the power inductor, or energy is delivered from the load to at least one of the energy storage element and the power inductor. 
     
     
       8. The apparatus of  claim 7 , further comprising a second switch coupled between the first storage element terminal of the energy storage element and the first inductor terminal, such that when the second switch is enabled, energy is delivered to the power inductor from the energy storage element. 
     
     
       9. The apparatus of  claim 7 , further comprising a second switch coupled between the first storage element terminal of the energy storage element and the load, such that when the second switch is enabled, energy is delivered to the energy storage element from the load. 
     
     
       10. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein operation of the energy storage element is split temporally among delivering energy to the load, receiving energy from one or both of the power supply and the load, and neither delivering nor receiving energy. 
     
     
       11. A method comprising, in a power converter having a power supply input for receiving an input power supply voltage generated by a power supply, an output for generating an output voltage to a load, and a power inductor coupled between the power supply input and the output and further having an energy storage element coupled to the power supply input, the power inductor, and the output:
 operating the power converter such that;
 within a first portion of a single switching cycle, the power inductor delivers energy to the energy storage element; and 
 within a second, different portion of the same single switching cycle, the power inductor delivers energy to the load. 
 
 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 11 , wherein the power converter comprises a switched-mode power supply comprising a plurality of switches, the method comprising controlling the plurality of switches such that the power converter operates in a plurality of modes comprising at least:
 a boost mode in which the power converter generates the output voltage greater than the input power supply voltage; and 
 a buck mode in which the power converter generates the output voltage lesser than the input power supply voltage. 
 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 12 , wherein at least one switching cycle of the power converter in the boost mode comprises a charging phase and a discharging phase, the method further comprising:
 during the charging phase, operating the power converter such that the power inductor is charged from the power supply and the energy storage element; and 
 during the discharging phase, operating the power converter such that the power inductor is discharged to the load. 
 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 12 , wherein at least one switching cycle of the power converter in the buck mode comprises a charging phase and a discharging phase, the method further comprising:
 during the charging phase, operating the power converter such that the power inductor is charged from the power supply; and 
 during the discharging phase, operating the power converter such that the power inductor is discharged to the load and the energy storage element. 
 
     
     
       15. The method of  claim 11 , wherein the energy storage element comprises a capacitor. 
     
     
       16. The method of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the power supply comprises a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal; 
 the first power supply terminal is coupled to the power supply input of the power converter; and 
 the capacitor has a first capacitor terminal coupled to the power inductor and a second capacitor terminal coupled to the second power supply terminal. 
 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 11 , wherein the power inductor comprises a first inductor terminal coupled to the power supply input and a second inductor terminal coupled to a first storage element terminal of the energy storage element, the method further comprising controlling a first switch coupled between the second inductor terminal and the load, such that when the first switch is enabled, either energy is delivered to the load from at least one of the energy storage element and the power inductor, or energy is delivered from the load to at least one of the energy storage element and the power inductor. 
     
     
       18. The method of  claim 17 , further comprising controlling a second switch coupled between the first storage element terminal of the energy storage element and the first inductor terminal, such that when the second switch is enabled, energy is delivered to the power inductor from the energy storage element. 
     
     
       19. The method of  claim 17 , further comprising controlling a second switch coupled between the first storage element terminal of the energy storage element and the load, such that when the second switch is enabled, energy is delivered to the energy storage element from the load. 
     
     
       20. The method of  claim 11 , further comprising operating the power converter such that operation of the energy storage element is split temporally among delivering energy to the load, receiving energy from one or both of the power supply and the load, and neither delivering nor receiving energy.