Method of gas distribution of internal combustion engine

Abstract

In idle running, at low loads and in starting the backflow of exhaust gases into the cylinder is performed. Due to this, the starting is better.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method of gas distribution in a conventional four-stroke internal combustion engine comprising:
 (a) compressing air prior to its entering into a cylinder of the engine utilizing an external air compressor; 
 (b) intaking of compressed air, on the intake stroke, via an intake valve as a piston goes down from top dead center (TDC) towards bottom dead center (BDC); 
 (c) connecting open ports in the cylinder sleeve to an exhaust manifold at the end of the intake stroke and at the beginning of the compression stroke; 
 (d) compressing pre-compressed air, that came from the external air compressor in the cylinder, during the compression stroke with the intake valve closed; 
 (e) combusting fuel in a combustion chamber, expanding combustion products on the power stroke, exhausting some of combustion products at the end of the power stroke via both: the ports once the piston passes the ports and an exhaust valve; 
 (f) exhausting combustion products on exhaust stroke via both: the open ports connected to the exhaust manifold, while the piston is still close to BDC, and the exhaust valve. 
 
     
     
       2. The method according to  claim 1 , wherein some of the ports in the cylinder sleeve are connected to an intake manifold at the end of the intake stroke and at the beginning of the compression stroke, while the other ports are connected to the exhaust manifold; the connection to the intake manifold is carried out through a valve, opening in the direction: “into the cylinder”. 
     
     
       3. The method according to  claim 1 , wherein exhaust gases exhausting through the exhaust valve and the exhaust gases exhausting through the ports in the cylinder sleeve are directed into a turbine. 
     
     
       4. The method according to  claim 1 , wherein gases, which flow out of the exhaust valve, flow through a turbine or a sequence of turbines, while gases, which flow out of the ports in the sleeve, flow through another turbine or other sequence of turbines. 
     
     
       5. The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the gases flowing out of the ports in the sleeve rotate a turbofan, which cools intercooler or radiator of the engine. 
     
     
       6. The method according to  claim 1 , comprising connecting open ports in the cylinder sleeve:
 (a) at the end of the power stroke and at the beginning of the exhaust stroke, to a section of the exhaust manifold, which is located before the turbine or the turbines; 
 (b) at the end of the intake stroke and at the beginning of the compression stroke, to the atmosphere or to a section of the exhaust manifold, which is located behind at least one turbine. 
 
     
     
       7. The method according to  claim 6 , wherein the method is carried out at full load, while at low loads, in idle running, and at start-up the ports are connected only (during the four strokes) to the section of the exhaust manifold, which is located before the turbine or the turbines.