Topic leaderboard
Enzymes
Ranked by the PatentIndex Score — a 1–99 percentile within C12Y · public-visibility date · generated 2026
top 25 per window · public-visibility date
Rising· last 2 yrs
Inventors whose newest C12Y patents became public in the last 2 years — the current frontier
- 199Drew Weissman14 patents · 1,408 citations
- 296Torben Vedel Borchert17 patents · 1,216 citations
- 392Jonas Frisen9 patents · 837 citations
- 488Patrik Stahl9 patents · 837 citations
- 583James Robertson Petrie49 patents · 1,128 citations
- 679Peter David Nichols21 patents · 668 citations
- 775Stanley Suresh Robert21 patents · 668 citations
- 871Xue-Rong Zhou22 patents · 664 citations
- 967Susan Irene Ellis Blackburn19 patents · 530 citations
- 1063Lance P. Encell50 patents · 597 citations
- 1158Monika G. Wood41 patents · 589 citations
- 1254Romesh R. Subramanian25 patents · 728 citations
- 1350Mohammed T. Qatanani24 patents · 717 citations
- 1446Timothy Weeden26 patents · 717 citations
- 1542Braydon Charles Guild41 patents · 607 citations
- 1638Robin E. Osterhout54 patents · 460 citations
- 1733Priti Pharkya52 patents · 385 citations
- 1829Ge Wei20 patents · 144 citations
- 1925Qiping Zhao20 patents · 144 citations
- 2021Robert James Connor21 patents · 144 citations
- 2117Rama Voladri34 patents · 250 citations
- 2213Francis M. Creighton13 patents · 224 citations
- 238Hui Xiang6 patents · 226 citations
- 244Nicole Gaudelli11 patents · 427 citations
- 251Hemant A. Patel16 patents · 181 citations
Active· last 5 yrs
Sustained C12Y output across the last 5 years
- 199Mauricio R. Alvira35 patents · 2,978 citations
- 296Drew Weissman14 patents · 1,408 citations
- 392Katalin Kariko12 patents · 1,408 citations
- 488Martin Jinek62 patents · 977 citations
- 583Emmanuelle Charpentier61 patents · 959 citations
- 679Krzysztof Chylinski61 patents · 959 citations
- 775Torben Vedel Borchert17 patents · 1,216 citations
- 871Prashant G. Mali23 patents · 1,144 citations
- 967Jonas Frisen9 patents · 837 citations
- 1063Patrik Stahl9 patents · 837 citations
- 1158George Rudenko51 patents · 1,596 citations
- 1254Aravind Somanchi39 patents · 1,471 citations
- 1350Penelope Chua19 patents · 921 citations
- 1446Anirban Kundu22 patents · 1,418 citations
- 1542Luhan Yang13 patents · 754 citations
- 1638Alexis Christine Komor9 patents · 810 citations
- 1733Harpreet Singh123 patents · 2,081 citations
- 1829Toni Weinschenk123 patents · 2,081 citations
- 1925Anke Klippel-Giese17 patents · 551 citations
- 2021James Robertson Petrie49 patents · 1,128 citations
- 2117Peter David Nichols21 patents · 668 citations
- 2213Stanley Suresh Robert21 patents · 668 citations
- 238Xue-Rong Zhou22 patents · 664 citations
- 244Steffen Walter36 patents · 999 citations
- 251Niall A. Armes13 patents · 597 citations
All-time canon
Career PatentIndex Score in C12Y
- 199Marc Ballivet6 patents · 4,203 citations
- 296Gary Rhodes9 patents · 7,178 citations
- 392Robert W. Malone9 patents · 7,178 citations
- 488Mauricio R. Alvira35 patents · 2,978 citations
- 583Kanda Ramasamy6 patents · 4,976 citations
- 679Willem P. Stemmer6 patents · 5,503 citations
- 775Angela Reynolds49 patents · 2,810 citations
- 871Stephen Scaringe47 patents · 2,569 citations
- 967John Polo9 patents · 1,947 citations
- 1063Martin Schulein45 patents · 4,639 citations
- 1158Steven Read43 patents · 2,122 citations
- 1254David A. Driver8 patents · 1,719 citations
- 1350Cory John Gerdts12 patents · 1,183 citations
- 1446Joshua David Tice12 patents · 1,183 citations
- 1542Adam J. Bogdanove9 patents · 1,408 citations
- 1638Tirtha Chakraborty29 patents · 2,510 citations
- 1733Drew Weissman14 patents · 1,408 citations
- 1829Katalin Kariko12 patents · 1,408 citations
- 1925Thomas H. Turpen21 patents · 2,287 citations
- 2021Stephen J. Garger23 patents · 2,187 citations
- 2117Laurence K. Grill18 patents · 2,211 citations
- 2213Carl O. Pabo8 patents · 1,679 citations
- 238Martin Jinek62 patents · 977 citations
- 244Emmanuelle Charpentier61 patents · 959 citations
- 251Krzysztof Chylinski61 patents · 959 citations
Rising· last 2 yrs
The top-scoring C12Y patents made public in the last 2 years
- 199US12005124B2✦ AIMuscle targeting complexes and uses thereof for treating dystrophinopathies23 cites · 202473% earned
- 296US12012460B2✦ AIMuscle-targeting complexes comprising an anti-transferrin receptor antibody linked to an o22 cites · 202471% earned
- 392US11999947B2✦ AIAdenosine nucleobase editors and uses thereof18 cites · 202477% earned
- 488US12031126B2Methods and compositions for simultaneous editing of both strands of a target double-stran18 cites · 202481% earned
- 583US12270077B2Method for transposase-mediated spatial tagging and analyzing genomic DNA in a biological 16 cites · 202473% earned
- 679US12329825B1Muscle targeting complexes comprising an anti-transferrin receptor antibody linked to an o4 cites · 202570% earned
- 775US11980643B2Method and system to modify an individual's gut-brain axis to provide neurocognitive p7 cites · 202486% earned
- 871US12084696B2Compositions and methods for using engineered deubiquitinases for probing ubiquitin-depend6 cites · 202463% earned
- 967US12404534B1Method for separating amoxicillin and phenylacetic acid from reaction solution in one-step2 cites · 202576% earned
- 1063US12065685B1UDP-glycosyltransferase variants and uses thereof5 cites · 202477% earned
- 1158US12129478B1Engineered adenosine deaminases and base editors thereof5 cites · 202484% earned
- 1254US12180521B2Paraoxonase fusion polypeptides and related compositions and methods6 cites · 202467% earned
- 1350US12031162B2Methods and compositions for modulating a genome4 cites · 202464% earned
- 1446US12104185B2PH20 polypeptide variants, formulations and uses thereof2 cites · 202440% earned
- 1542US12305207B2Methods for making L-glufosinate2 cites · 202447% earned
- 1638US12071627B2Compositions and methods for treating non-age-associated hearing impairment in a human sub3 cites · 202457% earned
- 1733US12286652B2Variants of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and uses thereof2 cites · 202455% earned
- 1829US12350313B2Activin receptor type IIa variants and methods of use thereof3 cites · 202461% earned
- 1925US12350248B2Animal feeds and feed premixes containing betaine hydrochloride and a phytase2 cites · 202455% earned
- 2021US12269858B2Activin receptor type IIB variants and methods of use thereof2 cites · 202461% earned
- 2117US12258557B2Humanized cell line3 cites · 202472% earned
- 2213US12270029B2CFTR-modulating compositions and methods3 cites · 202472% earned
- 238US12098399B2Compositions, systems, and methods for epigenetic regulation of proprotein convertase subt3 cites · 202472% earned
- 244US12258598B2Beta-glycosidase SS-BGL mutant for modifying ginsenoside and application thereof2 cites · 202467% earned
- 251US12116608B2Extended metabolism methods for increasing and extracting metabolites from algae and micro3 cites · 202472% earned
Active· last 5 yrs
The top-scoring C12Y patents of the last 5 years
- 199US11352659B2✦ AIMethods of detecting analytes139 cites · 202278% earned
- 296US11519033B2✦ AIMethod for transposase-mediated spatial tagging and analyzing genomic DNA in a biological 108 cites · 202282% earned
- 392US11447770B1✦ AIMethods and compositions for prime editing nucleotide sequences81 cites · 202278% earned
- 488US11761038B1Methods for identifying a location of an RNA in a biological sample70 cites · 202386% earned
- 583US11111309B2Method of reducing expression of DUX4 in a muscle cell by administering an anti-transferri65 cites · 202177% earned
- 679US11369689B2Muscle targeting complexes and uses thereof for treating dystrophinopathies48 cites · 202277% earned
- 775US11168141B2Muscle targeting complexes and uses thereof for treating dystrophinopathies53 cites · 202185% earned
- 871US11898205B2Increasing capture efficiency of spatial assays48 cites · 202188% earned
- 967US12178852B2Insulin formulations and uses in infusion devices47 cites · 202288% earned
- 1063US11931421B2Muscle targeting complexes and formulations for treating myotonic dystrophy26 cites · 202379% earned
- 1158US11485960B2RNA polymerase variants for co-transcriptional capping40 cites · 202184% earned
- 1254US11702651B2Adenosine nucleobase editors and uses thereof29 cites · 202179% earned
- 1350US11912985B2Methods and compositions for simultaneous editing of both strands of a target double-stran23 cites · 202382% earned
- 1446US11911484B2Muscle targeting complexes and uses thereof for treating myotonic dystrophy28 cites · 202191% earned
- 1542US11542496B2Cytosine to guanine base editor42 cites · 202187% earned
- 1638US11578343B2CAS9 proteins including ligand-dependent inteins30 cites · 202181% earned
- 1733US11174281B1Modified nucleotides and uses thereof24 cites · 202185% earned
- 1829US11932884B2High efficiency base editors comprising Gam19 cites · 202285% earned
- 1925US11526504B1Search-time field extraction in a data intake and query system22 cites · 202285% earned
- 2021US10894812B1Recombinant milk proteins26 cites · 202179% earned
- 2117US11572556B2Systems, methods, and compositions for site-specific genetic engineering using programmabl16 cites · 202273% earned
- 2213US11920181B2Nuclease profiling system20 cites · 202179% earned
- 238US11679077B2Systems and methods for delivery of a therapeutic agent18 cites · 202170% earned
- 244US11529400B1Personalized immunotherapy against several neuronal and brain tumors14 cites · 202270% earned
- 251US12084663B2Incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins using base editing14 cites · 202383% earned
All-time canon
The defining C12Y patents of the whole record
- 199US5580859A✦ AIDelivery of exogenous DNA sequences in a mammal3,073 cites · 199689% earned
- 296US5589466A✦ AIInduction of a protective immune response in a mammal by injecting a DNA sequence2,447 cites · 199689% earned
- 392US5605793A✦ AIMethods for in vitro recombination2,091 cites · 199785% earned
- 488US5837458AMethods and compositions for cellular and metabolic engineering2,016 cites · 199893% earned
- 583US5459255AN-2 substituted purines1,696 cites · 199590% earned
- 679US5830721ADNA mutagenesis by random fragmentation and reassembly1,678 cites · 199885% earned
- 775US5811238AMethods for generating polynucleotides having desired characteristics by iterative selecti1,665 cites · 199885% earned
- 871US4435307ADetergent cellulase1,620 cites · 198496% earned
- 967US4640835APlasminogen activator derivatives1,602 cites · 198796% earned
- 1063US5670633ASugar modified oligonucleotides that detect and modulate gene expression1,473 cites · 199795% earned
- 1158US5627053A2'deoxy-2'-alkylnucleotide containing nucleic acid1,461 cites · 199795% earned
- 1254US5587469AOligonucleotides containing N-2 substituted purines1,440 cites · 199690% earned
- 1350US5587361AOligonucleotides having phosphorothioate linkages of high chiral purity1,412 cites · 199695% earned
- 1446US5681941ASubstituted purines and oligonucleotide cross-linking1,392 cites · 199793% earned
- 1542US5648263AMethods for reducing the harshness of a cotton-containing fabric1,238 cites · 199793% earned
- 1638US5723323AMethod of identifying a stochastically-generated peptide, polypeptide, or protein having l1,192 cites · 199887% earned
- 1733US5646265AProcess for the preparation of 2'-O-alkyl purine phosphoramidites1,185 cites · 199790% earned
- 1829US5750692ASynthesis of 3-deazapurines1,160 cites · 199893% earned
- 1925US5776757AFungal cellulase composition containing alkaline CMC-endoglucanase and essentially no cell1,143 cites · 199893% earned
- 2021US5691178AFungal cellulase composition containing alkaline CMC-endoglucanase and essentially no cell1,116 cites · 199795% earned
- 2117US8501407B2Soybean transgenic event MON 87708 and methods of use thereof1,111 cites · 201187% earned
- 2213US5578718AThiol-derivatized nucleosides1,007 cites · 199695% earned
- 238US5107065AAnti-sense regulation of gene expression in plant cells899 cites · 199295% earned
- 244US5122464AMethod for dominant selection in eucaryotic cells874 cites · 199291% earned
- 251US5457046AEnzyme capable of degrading cellullose or hemicellulose815 cites · 199591% earned
Rising· last 2 yrs
Assignees whose newest C12Y patents became public in the last 2 years — the current frontier
- 199UNIV PENNSYLVANIA120 patents · 3,283 citations
- 296UNIV CALIFORNIA405 patents · 5,610 citations
- 392HARVARD COLLEGE131 patents · 4,993 citations
- 488UNIV TEXAS132 patents · 4,201 citations
- 583GENENTECH INC118 patents · 3,440 citations
- 679UNIV DUKE73 patents · 1,788 citations
- 775NOVOZYMES AS651 patents · 3,103 citations
- 871HALOZYME INC41 patents · 861 citations
- 967MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSPITAL71 patents · 963 citations
- 1063COMMW SCIENT IND RES ORG57 patents · 915 citations
- 1158PROMEGA CORP71 patents · 1,018 citations
- 1254WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND79 patents · 1,319 citations
- 1350BROAD INST INC54 patents · 1,258 citations
- 1446ALLERGAN INC90 patents · 1,252 citations
- 1542PIONEER HI BRED INT48 patents · 1,345 citations
- 1638UNIV MINNESOTA46 patents · 1,050 citations
- 1733MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY LLC77 patents · 530 citations
- 1829UNIV LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR83 patents · 1,220 citations
- 1925MODERNATX INC40 patents · 728 citations
- 2021DYNE THERAPEUTICS INC24 patents · 717 citations
- 2117NEW ENGLAND BIOLABS INC81 patents · 1,121 citations
- 2213GENZYME CORP57 patents · 1,023 citations
- 238AJINOMOTO KK122 patents · 1,326 citations
- 244CODEXIS INC337 patents · 1,288 citations
- 251REGENERON PHARMA117 patents · 589 citations
Active· last 5 yrs
Sustained C12Y output across the last 5 years
- 199NOVO NORDISK AS128 patents · 9,332 citations
- 296UNIV PENNSYLVANIA120 patents · 3,283 citations
- 392UNIV CALIFORNIA405 patents · 5,610 citations
- 488HARVARD COLLEGE131 patents · 4,993 citations
- 583UNIV TEXAS132 patents · 4,201 citations
- 679GENENTECH INC118 patents · 3,440 citations
- 775UNIV DUKE73 patents · 1,788 citations
- 871NOVOZYMES AS651 patents · 3,103 citations
- 967HALOZYME INC41 patents · 861 citations
- 1063MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSPITAL71 patents · 963 citations
- 1158CHILDRENS MEDICAL CENTER40 patents · 1,363 citations
- 1254UNIV CASE WESTERN RESERVE26 patents · 1,237 citations
- 1350IMMATICS BIOTECHNOLOGIES GMBH128 patents · 1,891 citations
- 1446COMMW SCIENT IND RES ORG57 patents · 915 citations
- 1542GERON CORP59 patents · 2,093 citations
- 1638SCRIPPS RESEARCH INST32 patents · 1,051 citations
- 1733PROMEGA CORP71 patents · 1,018 citations
- 1829WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND79 patents · 1,319 citations
- 1925UNIV WASHINGTON50 patents · 1,576 citations
- 2021BROAD INST INC54 patents · 1,258 citations
- 2117BAYLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE17 patents · 1,047 citations
- 2213ALLERGAN INC90 patents · 1,252 citations
- 238PIONEER HI BRED INT48 patents · 1,345 citations
- 244ACUITAS THERAPEUTICS INC10 patents · 469 citations
- 251UNIV MINNESOTA46 patents · 1,050 citations
All-time canon
All-time PatentIndex Score in C12Y
- 199ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC161 patents · 21,888 citations
- 296MAXYGEN INC26 patents · 9,820 citations
- 392NOVO NORDISK AS128 patents · 9,332 citations
- 488UNIV PENNSYLVANIA120 patents · 3,283 citations
- 583VICAL INC7 patents · 6,344 citations
- 679DHARMACON INC34 patents · 2,485 citations
- 775DNA PLANT TECHN CORP17 patents · 3,144 citations
- 871CHIRON CORP31 patents · 2,528 citations
- 967RIBOZYME PHARM INC30 patents · 3,987 citations
- 1063UNIV CALIFORNIA405 patents · 5,610 citations
- 1158GENENCOR INT103 patents · 4,783 citations
- 1254HARVARD COLLEGE131 patents · 4,993 citations
- 1350MODERNA THERAPEUTICS INC27 patents · 2,528 citations
- 1446DIVERSA CORP37 patents · 4,002 citations
- 1542UNIV TEXAS132 patents · 4,201 citations
- 1638CALGENE INC18 patents · 2,514 citations
- 1733ALKERMES INC10 patents · 2,297 citations
- 1829GENENTECH INC118 patents · 3,440 citations
- 1925GAO GUANGPING5 patents · 711 citations
- 2021LIFE TECHNOLOGIES INC7 patents · 968 citations
- 2117KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO KK47 patents · 1,594 citations
- 2213BIOSOURCE TECH INC17 patents · 1,472 citations
- 238NOVARTIS FINANCE CORP23 patents · 1,340 citations
- 244UNIV DUKE73 patents · 1,788 citations
- 251DU PONT131 patents · 2,147 citations
90–99 field-defining50–89 strong<50 emergingearned by citationsfrom family breadth