Esters for Use as a Base Stock in Lubricant Applications

Abstract

This invention relates to base ester compounds and complex ester compounds that can be used as a base stock for lubricant applications or a base stock blend component for use in a finished lubricant or for particular applications, and methods of making the same. The base ester compounds and complex esters described herein comprise dimer and/or trimer esters, and their respective branched derivatives.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A lubricant base stock composition comprising a base ester having the formula (III) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein n1=between 0 and 8; wherein n2=between 0 and 8; wherein m1=between 5 and 9; and wherein m2=between 5 and 9. 
       
     
     
         2 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a melt onset of between about 15° C. down to about −19° C. 
     
     
         3 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a dynamic viscosity at 100° C. of between about 1.0 mPascal Seconds and about 7.5 mPascal Seconds. 
     
     
         4 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a dynamic viscosity at 40° C. of between about 1.7 mPascal Seconds and about 28.0 mPascal Seconds. 
     
     
         5 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a crystallization onset of between about 26° C. down to about −20° C. 
     
     
         6 . A lubricant composition comprising the lubricant base stock of  claim 1  and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of detergents, antiwear agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, extreme pressure (EP) additives, dispersants, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, corrosion protectors, friction coefficient modifiers, colorants, antifoam agents, and demulsifiers. 
     
     
         7 . The lubricant composition of  claim 6 , wherein the lubricant composition is used in an application selected from the group consisting of two-cycle engine oils, hydraulic fluids, drilling fluids, greases, compressor oils, cutting fluids, milling fluids, and emulsifiers for metalworking. 
     
     
         8 . A lubricant base stock composition comprising a base ester having the formula (IV): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein n1=between 0 and 8; wherein n2=between 0 and 8; wherein m1=between 5 and 9; wherein m2=between 5 and 9; and wherein k1=k2=5. 
       
     
     
         9 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition has a melt onset of about 22° C. 
     
     
         10 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition has a dynamic viscosity at 100° C. of about 7.1 mPascal Seconds. 
     
     
         11 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition has a dynamic viscosity at 40° C. of about 25.4 mPascal Seconds. 
     
     
         12 . The lubricant base stock composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition has a crystallization onset of about 19° C. 
     
     
         13 . A lubricant composition comprising the lubricant base stock of  claim 8  and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of detergents, antiwear agents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, extreme pressure (EP) additives, dispersants, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, corrosion protectors, friction coefficient modifiers, colorants, antifoam agents, and demulsifiers. 
     
     
         14 . The lubricant composition of  claim 13 , wherein the lubricant composition is used in an application selected from the group consisting of two-cycle engine oils, hydraulic fluids, drilling fluids, greases, compressor oils, cutting fluids, milling fluids, and emulsifiers for metalworking.