US2010093577A1PendingUtilityA1

Lubricting oil compositions and uses

48
Assignee: RITCHIE CRAIGPriority: Dec 19, 2006Filed: Dec 17, 2007Published: Apr 15, 2010
Est. expiryDec 19, 2026(~0.4 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Craig RitchieKenneth Richard Seddon
C10N 2040/04C10N 2040/25C10N 2030/06C10M 133/06C10N 2030/40C10M 2207/126C10M 137/04C10M 2215/04C10M 2219/044C10M 141/10C10M 129/40C10M 137/12C10M 141/08C10M 135/10C10M 2203/1006C10M 2223/04C10M 2223/06C10N 2030/41C10N 2020/077
48
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Claims

Abstract

A non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprises a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of an additive which is present in solution in the base oil and is a non-halide, non-aromatic ionic liquid which is a salt of general formula C + A − , with the cation, C + , being a quaternary phosphonium or quaternary ammonium ion having four hydrocarbyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, which hydrocarbyl groups do not all have the same number of carbon atoms, there being at least one long chain hydrocarbyl group having greater than 4 carbon atoms and at least one short chain hydrocarbyl group having fewer carbon atoms than each of the long chain hydrocarbyl groups, and the anion, A − , comprising at least one oxygen atom and having an ionic head group attached to at least one alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl group which has at least four carbon atoms and optionally at least one heteroatom. The ionic liquid may be used as an anti-wear component in a lubricating oil composition. The ionic liquid may be used as a friction modifier in the lubricating oil composition. The lubricating oil composition may be used in an ignition engine.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 - 17 . (canceled) 
   
   
       18 . A non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprising a minor amount of an additive and a major amount of a base oil characterised in that the additive is present in solution in the base oil and is a non-halide, non-aromatic ionic liquid which is a salt of general formula C + A −  having an atmospheric melting point in the range of −50° C. to 250° C., preferably in the range of −50° C. to 150° C., with the cation, C + , being a quaternary phosphonium or quaternary ammonium ion having four hydrocarbyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, which hydrocarbyl groups do not all have the same number of carbon atoms, there being at least one long chain hydrocarbyl group having greater than 4 carbon atoms and at least one short chain hydrocarbyl group having fewer carbon atoms than each of the long chain hydrocarbyl groups, and the anion, A − , comprising at least one oxygen atom and having an ionic head group attached to at least one alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl group which has at least four carbon atoms and optionally at least one heteroatom. 
   
   
       19 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the cation has three long chain hydrocarbyl groups and one short chain hydrocarbyl group, or has one long chain hydrocarbyl groups and three short chain hydrocarbyl groups. 
   
   
       20 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the at least one short chain hydrocarbyl group of the cation has more than 2 fewer carbon atoms than each of the long chain hydrocarbyl groups. 
   
   
       21 . A composition as claimed in  claim 19  in which the at least one short chain hydrocarbyl group of the cation has more than 2 fewer carbon atoms than each of the long chain hydrocarbyl groups. 
   
   
       22 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the hydrocarbyl groups of the cation are straight chain hydrocarbyl groups. 
   
   
       23 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the hydrocarbyl groups of the cation each have independently up to and including 18 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       24 . A composition as claimed in  claim 23  in which the long chain hydrocarbyl groups each have independently 6 to 18 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       25 . A composition as claimed in  claim 19  in which the long chain hydrocarbyl groups each have independently 6 to 18 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       26 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the short chain hydrocarbyl groups of the cation each have independently 1 to 8 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       27 . A composition as claimed in  claim 19  in which the short chain hydrocarbyl groups of the cation each have independently 1 to 8 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       28 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the hydrocarbyl groups of the cation each have independently, at least one heteroatom. 
   
   
       29 . A composition as claimed in  claim 28  in which the at least one heteroatom, is oxygen and/or sulfur. 
   
   
       30 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the anion, K is selected from the group consisting of anions (a) to (c) wherein
 (a) are anions of the general formula: [R 1 R 2 P(O)O] −  wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently, alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least four carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom;   (b) are sulfosuccinate esters of general formula: R 1 OOCCH 2 CH(SO 3   − )COOR 2  wherein R 1  and R 2  are straight chain or branched chain C 4  to C 8  alkyl groups; and (c) are carboxylate anions of general formula: RC(O)O −  wherein R is a straight chain or branched chain C 9  to C 17  alkyl or alkenyl group.   
   
   
       31 . A composition as claimed in  claim 19  in which the anion, A −  is selected from the group consisting of anions (a) to (c) wherein
 (a) are anions of the general formula: [R 1 R 2 P(O)O] −  wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently, alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least four carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom;   (b) are sulfosuccinate esters of general formula: R 1 OOCCH 2 CH(SO 3− )COOR 2  wherein R 1  and R 2  are straight chain or branched chain C 4  to C 8  alkyl groups; and (c) are carboxylate anions of general formula: RC(O)O −  wherein R is a straight chain or branched chain C 9  to C 17  alkyl or alkenyl group.   
   
   
       32 . A composition as claimed in  claim 21  in which the anion, K is selected from the group consisting of anions (a) to (c) wherein
 (a) are anions of the general formula: [R 1 R 2 P(O)O] −  wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently, alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least four carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom;   (b) are sulfosuccinate esters of general formula: R 1 OOCCH 2 CH(SO 3   − )COOR 2  wherein R 1  and R 2  are straight chain or branched chain C 4  to C 8  alkyl groups; and (c) are carboxylate anions of general formula: RC(O)O −  wherein R is a straight chain or branched chain C 9  to C 17  alkyl or alkenyl group.   
   
   
       33 . A composition as claimed in  claim 25  in which the anion, A −  is selected from the group consisting of anions (a) to (c) wherein
 (a) are anions of the general formula: [R 1 R 2 P(O)O] −  wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently, alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least four carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom;   (b) are sulfosuccinate esters of general formula: R 1 OOCCH 2 CH(SO 3   − )COOR 2  wherein R 1  and R 2  are straight chain or branched chain C 4  to C 8  alkyl groups; and   (c) are carboxylate anions of general formula: RC(O)O −  wherein R is a straight chain or branched chain C 9  to C 17  alkyl or alkenyl group.   
   
   
       34 . A composition as claimed in  claim 27  in which the anion, A −  is selected from the group consisting of anions (a) to (c) wherein
 (a) are anions of the general formula: [R 1 R 2 P(O)O] −  wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently, alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least four carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom;   (b) are sulfosuccinate esters of general formula: R 1 OOCCH 2 CH(SO 3   − )COOR 2  wherein R 1  and R 2  are straight chain or branched chain C 4  to C 8  alkyl groups; and   (c) are carboxylate anions of general formula: RC(O)O −  wherein R is a straight chain or branched chain C 9  to C 17  alkyl or alkenyl group.   
   
   
       35 . A composition as claimed in  claim 30  wherein the anion A −  is selected from the group of anions of general formula [(R 3 O)(R 4 O)P(O)O] −  wherein R 3  and R 4  are independently, alkyl hydrocarbyl groups each independently, having at least four carbon atoms and wherein R 3  and R 4  may each contain independently, at least one heteroatom. 
   
   
       36 . A composition as claimed in  claim 35  wherein R 3  and R 4  are independently, alkyl hydrocarbyl groups each independently, having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       37 . A composition as claimed in  claim 35  wherein R 3  and R 4  are independently, alkyl hydrocarbyl groups each independently, having 4 to 16 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       38 . A composition as claimed in  claim 35  wherein R 3  and R 4  are independently, alkyl hydrocarbyl groups each independently, having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       39 . A composition as claimed in  claim 30  wherein the anions are selected from di n-butylphosphate and bis(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate. 
   
   
       40 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which aromatic hydrocarbyl groups are not present in the anion. 
   
   
       41 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  in which the ionic liquid is present in the lubricating oil composition at a concentration in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight. 
   
   
       42 . A composition as claimed in  claim 18  which comprises at least one further additive component selected from the group consisting of detergents, viscosity improvers, anti-oxidants, dispersants, anti-foam and anti-wear additives. 
   
   
       43 . A method of operating a spark ignition engine or a compression ignition engine which method comprises lubricating said engine with a lubricating oil composition as claimed in  claim 18 . 
   
   
       44 . A method of operating a spark ignition engine or a compression ignition engine which method comprises lubricating said engine with a lubricating oil composition as claimed in  claim 19 . 
   
   
       45 . A method of operating a spark ignition engine or a compression ignition engine which method comprises lubricating said engine with a lubricating oil composition as claimed in  claim 20 . 
   
   
       46 . A method of operating a spark ignition engine or a compression ignition engine which method comprises lubricating said engine with a lubricating oil composition as claimed in  claim 21 . 
   
   
       47 . The use of a base oil-soluble ionic liquid in a non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the ionic liquid in solution in the base oil, to modify the friction properties of the lubricating oil composition and/or to reduce wear of components lubricated by the lubricating oil composition, in which use, the ionic liquid is an ionic liquid as defined in  claim 18 . 
   
   
       48 . The use of a base oil-soluble ionic liquid in a non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the ionic liquid in solution in the base oil, to modify the friction properties of the lubricating oil composition and/or to reduce wear of components lubricated by the lubricating oil composition, in which use, the ionic liquid is an ionic liquid as defined in  claim 19 . 
   
   
       49 . The use of a base oil-soluble ionic liquid in a non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the ionic liquid in solution in the base oil, to modify the friction properties of the lubricating oil composition and/or to reduce wear of components lubricated by the lubricating oil composition, in which use, the ionic liquid is an ionic liquid as defined in  claim 20 . 
   
   
       50 . The use of a base oil-soluble ionic liquid in a non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the ionic liquid in solution in the base oil, to modify the friction properties of the lubricating oil composition and/or to reduce wear of components lubricated by the lubricating oil composition, in which use, the ionic liquid is an ionic liquid as defined in  claim 21 . 
   
   
       51 . An additive concentrate comprising a base oil-soluble ionic liquid as defined in  claim 18  and at least one further additive selected from the group consisting of detergents, viscosity improvers, anti-oxidants, dispersants, anti-foam and anti-wear additives and optionally a solvent. 
   
   
       52 . An additive concentrate comprising a base oil-soluble ionic liquid as defined in  claim 19  and at least one further additive selected from the group consisting of detergents, viscosity improvers, anti-oxidants, dispersants, anti-foam and anti-wear additives and optionally a solvent. 
   
   
       53 . An additive concentrate comprising a base oil-soluble ionic liquid as defined in  claim 20  and at least one further additive selected from the group consisting of detergents, viscosity improvers, anti-oxidants, dispersants, anti-foam and anti-wear additives and optionally a solvent. 
   
   
       54 . An additive concentrate comprising a base oil-soluble ionic liquid as defined in  claim 21  and at least one further additive selected from the group consisting of detergents, viscosity improvers, anti-oxidants, dispersants, anti-foam and anti-wear additives and optionally a solvent.

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