Graft polymers and use thereof in cosmetic formulations

Abstract

The invention relates to graft polymers obtainable by free-radical graft polymerization of a) at least one N-vinyl-containing monomer b) optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers onto a polymeric graft base c), which comprises at least one compound from the group c1) and at least one compound from the group c2), where c1) represents polyether-containing compounds c2) represents polymers which comprise at least 5% by weight of vinylpyrrolidone units d) optionally at least one crosslinker. and to their use in cosmetic preparations.

1 . A graft polymer obtainable by free-radical graft polymerization of 
 a) at least one N-vinyl-containing monomer    b) optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers onto a polymeric graft base c), which comprises at least one compound from the group c1) and at least one compound from the group c2), where    c1) represents polyether-containing compounds    c2) represents polymers which comprise at least 5% by weight of vinylpyrrolidone units    d) optionally at least one crosslinker.    
   
   
       2 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the graft polymer is water-soluble or water-dispersible.  
   
   
       3 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein N-vinylamides and/or N-vinyllactams are used as monomer a).  
   
   
       4 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein at least one open-chain N-vinylamide compound of the formula (I)  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 ═H or C 1 — to C 6 -alkyl, is used as monomer a).  
     
   
   
       5 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 4 , where the radicals R 1 , R 2  and R 3  in formula (I)=H.  
   
   
       6 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein N-vinyllactams of the formula (II)  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       where n=1, 2, 3, are used as monomer a).  
     
   
   
       7 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the polyether-containing compound c1) is chosen from polymers of the formula III  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       in which the variables, independently of one another, have the following meanings:  
       R 1  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—, polyalcohol radical;  
       R 5  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—;  
       R 2  to R 4  are —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH 2 —CH(R 6 ), —CH 2 —CHOR 7 —CH 2 —;  
       R 6  is C 1 -C 24 -alkyl;  
       R 7  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—;  
       A is —C(═O)—O, —C(═O)—B—C(═O)—O, —CH 2 —CH(—OH)—B—CH(—OH)—CH 2 —O, —C(═O)—NH—B—NH—C(═O)—O;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       B is —CH 2 ) t —, arylene, optionally substituted;  
       R 30 , R 31  are hydrogen, C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, C 1 -C 24 -hydroxyalkyl, benzyl or phenyl;  
       n is 1 when R 1  is not a polyalcohol radical or  
       n is 1 to 1000 when R 1  is a polyalcohol radical  
       s=0 to 1000; t=1 to 12; u=1 to 5000;v=0 to 5000; w=0 to 5000; x=0 to 5000; y=0 to 5000; z=0 to 5000.  
     
   
   
       8 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the polyether-containing compound c1) is chosen from polymers of the formula III in which the variables, independently of one another, have the following meanings: 
 R 1  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—;    R 5  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—;    R 2  to R 4  are —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH 2 —CH(R 6 )—, —CH 2 —CHOR 7 —CH 2 —;    R 6  is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl;    R 7  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, R 6 —C(═O)—, R 6 —NH—C(═O)—;    n=1; s=0; u=5 to 500; v=0 to 500; w=0 to 500.    
   
   
       9 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the polyether-containing compound c1) is chosen from polymers obtainable by reacting polyethylenimines with alkylene oxides.  
   
   
       10 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the polyether-containing compounds c1) have been prepared by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated alkylene oxide-containing monomers and optionally further copolymerizable monomers.  
   
   
       11 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the polyether-containing compounds c1) have been prepared by polymerization of polyalkylene oxide vinyl ethers and optionally further copolymerizable monomers.  
   
   
       12 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the polyether-containing compounds c1) have been prepared by polymerization of polyalkylene oxide(meth)acrylates and optionally further copolymerizable monomers.  
   
   
       13 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the further comonomers of N-vinylpyrrolidone for the synthesis of the graft base c2) are chosen from the group: 
 N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylimidazole and alkyl-substituted N-vinylimidazoles, and salts thereof with carboxylic acids or mineral acids, and quaternized products thereof, unsaturated sulfonic acids, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, styrene, alkylstyrenes, monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and salts, esters, amides and nitriles thereof, maleic anhydride and its monoesters, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylates, and salts thereof with carboxylic acids or mineral acids, and the quaternized products.    
   
   
       14 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a polymer with a vinylpyrrolidone content of at least 10% by weight, in particular at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight, is used as graft base c2).  
   
   
       15 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a polyvinylpyrrolidone homopolymer is used as graft base c2).  
   
   
       16 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the graft base c used is a mixture comprising 
 c1) polyalkylene glycols and    c2) polymers which comprise at least 50% by weight of vinylpyrrolidone units.    
   
   
       17 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the graft base c used is a mixture comprising 
 c1) polyalkylene glycols and    c2) polymers which comprise at least 50% by weight of vinylpyrrolidone units 
 and the free-radical graft polymerization is carried out in the presence of a crosslinker d).  
   
   
   
       18 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the graft base c used is a mixture comprising 
 c1) polyalkylene glycols und 
 c2) polyvinylpyrrolidone homopolymers.  
   
   
   
       19 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the graft base c used is a mixture comprising 
 c1) polyalkylene glycols and    c2) polyvinylpyrrolidone homopolymers    and the free-radical graft polymerization is carried out in the presence of a crosslinker d).    
   
   
       20 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the further comonomers b) are compounds chosen from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and the salts, esters, amides and nitriles of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, maleic anhydride and its monoesters, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, vinyl esters, styrene, alkylstyrenes, unsaturated sulfonic acids, N-vinyllactams, vinyl ethers, 1-vinylimidazole and alkyl-substituted vinylimidazoles, and salts thereof with carboxylic acids or mineral acids, and quaternized products thereof, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, and quaternized products thereof.  
   
   
       21 . A graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is at least partially hydrolyzed.  
   
   
       22 . A cosmetic preparation comprising the graft polymer as claimed in  claim 1 .  
   
   
       23 . The cosmetic preparation of  claim 22  wherein the graft polymer acts as a thickner.  
   
   
       24 . The cosmetic preparation of  claim 22  wherein the graft polymer is used as a conditioning agent.  
   
   
       25 . A cosmetic preparation comprising 
 a) 0.01-20% by weight of graft polymers as claimed in  claim 1     b) 20-99.99% by weight of water and/or alcohol    c) 0-79.5% by weight of further constituents.