Overbased alkyl oxy benzene sulfonates as detergents

Abstract

A marine lubricating oil has a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; and a minor amount of an overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate having a TBN of at least 200. Between 40 wt. % and 80 wt. % of the alkyl group is attached at the 4-position and higher positions of the alkyl group. The oxy group can be hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, or hexoxy.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . An additive comprising an overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate having a TBN of at least 200, wherein between 40 wt. % and 80 wt. % of the alkyl group is attached at the 4-position and higher positions of the alkyl group, and wherein the oxy is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, and hexoxy.  
     
     
         2 . An additive according to  claim 1  wherein the overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate is produced by a process comprising: 
 (a) alkylating an oxy benzene with an olefin having between 40 wt. % and 80 wt. % internal olefins to produce an alkyl oxy benzene;  
 (b) sulfonating the alkyl oxy benzene to produce an alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid; and  
 (c) overbasing the alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid to produce the said overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate.  
 
     
     
         3 . An additive produced by a process comprising: 
 (a) isomerizing an olefin using an iron pentacarbonyl catalyst to produce an isomerized olefin;    (b) alkylating an oxy benzene with the isomerized olefin to produce an alkyl oxy benzene, wherein the oxy is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, and hexoxy;    (c) sulfonating the alkyl oxy benzene to produce an alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid; and    (d) overbasing the alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid to produce an overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate having a TBN of at least 200.    
     
     
         4 . An additive produced by a process comprising: 
 (a) alkylating an oxy benzene, wherein the oxy is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, and hexoxy, with a polyalpha olefin having an activity of at least 80% to produce an alkyl oxy benzene;    (b) sulfonating the alkyl oxy benzene to produce an alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid; and    (c) overbasing the alkyl oxy benzene sulfonic acid to produce an overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate having a TBN of at least 200.    
     
     
         5 . An additive according to  claim 1 ,  3 , or  4  wherein the overbased, alkyl oxy benzene sulfonate has a TBN of at least 250.  
     
     
         6 . An additive according to  claim 1  or  3  wherein between 45 wt. % and 70 wt. % of the alkyl group is attached at the 4-position and higher positions of the alkyl group.  
     
     
         7 . An additive according to  claim 1 ,  3 , or  4  wherein the oxy group is hydroxy.  
     
     
         8 . An additive according to  claim 1 ,  3 , or  4  wherein the alkyl group has from eighteen to thirty carbon atoms per alkyl group.  
     
     
         9 . An additive according to  claim 8  wherein the alkyl group has from twenty to twenty-four carbon atoms per alkyl group.  
     
     
         10 . A lubricating oil comprising: 
 (a) a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity; and    (b) a minor amount of the additive according to  claim 1 ,  3 , or  4 .    
     
     
         11 . A lubricating oil according to  claim 10  wherein the lubricating oil is a marine lubricating oil.  
     
     
         12 . A lubricating oil according to  claim 10  further comprising an ashless dispersant and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.  
     
     
         13 . A lubricating oil according to  claim 10  further comprising a viscosity index improver.  
     
     
         14 . A lubricating oil according to  claim 10  further comprising a detergent selected from the group consisting of metal phenates, metal sulfonates, and metal salicylates.